Poultry Parasites

Common Name of Histomonas meleagridis

Blackhead disease

Why is Blackhead disease importat?

high mortality in turkey poults

True or False: H. meleagridis only has the cyst form?

TRUE

Where does histomonas spp. multiply?

ceca and liver

Pathogenesis of Blackhead disease.

• necrosis in liver —> bull’s eye lesions

• cecal cores form from exudate from cecal wall

Clinical signs of histomonas meleagridis

• sulfur yellow droppings

• cyanosis of comb and wattles

• death of poults

• Chickens → asymptomatic but shed trophozoites

Dx of hisotomnas meleagridis

• PCR

• necropsy

Can you treat blackhead disease?

No = cull

What is the common name for trichomanas gallinae?

Avian trichomonosis

What is the diefinitive host of avian trichomonosis/

Pigeons, raptors, other birds

Canker - pidgeons and doves

Frounce - birds of prey and poultry

Where is T. gallinae located in the bird?

oral cavity, pharynx, crop

How are birds infected with T. gallinae?

transmission of trophozoites

• Doves: crop milk, courtship, contaminated water

• Birds of prey: feed on infected bird

Pathogensis and C/S of t. gallinae

• caseous yellow exudate (plagues) on mucosal surfaces of oral cavity

• Fatal

Can surviving birds of avian trichomonosis became asymptomatic carries/

Yes

Dx of T. gallinae

smear to ID trophozoites

PCR

What are the pathogenic species of eimeria in chickens?

E. tenella, E. necatrix, and E. brunetti

What is the pathogenic species of eimeria in turkeys?

E. adenoides

How can you prevent coccidia/

live attenuated vaccine for poultry

How is plasmaodium transmitted?

Mosquitos

How is hemoproteus spp transmitted?

culicoides

How is Leucocytozoon spp transmitted?

Simulium

Dx of Plasmoidium

gametocytes in RBCs

Dx of hemoproteus

gamonts within pigmented granules in RBCs

Dx of leucocytozoon

Gamonts the develop and distort WBCs

What is the comon name for cimex lectularius?

bed bugs

Will cimex lectularius bite humans?

YES

Can lice species pass through different bird species?

NO

Dermanyssus gallinae common name

red mite of poultry

Is the red mite always found on chicikens?

no they feed at night

Is the red mite a sarcoptiform or non sarcoptiform mite

Non sarcoptiform

Common name of orinthonyssus sylviarum

northern fowl mite

Where is the northern fowl mite found on a chicken?

by the vent

Common name of Knemidocoptes mutans

scaly leg mite

Common name of knemidocoptes gallinae

depluming itch mite

Knemidocoptes pilae common name

cere mite, scaly face mite

What mite is FAT with stubby legs

Knemidocoptes

Do Knemidocoptes burrow?

YEs

How do you treat Knemidocptes?

Ivermectinm