The Most Last Minute AP Gov Lock In of All Time

McCulloch v. Maryland

Congress make bank, states can’t tax it

→ necessary and proper

→ surpremacy clause

US v. Lopez

gun free school zones

Wisconsin v. Yoder

amish

→ free exercise clause of 1st

Engel v. Vitale

no prayer in school

→ establishment clause of 1st

Schenck v. US

speech can be limited if “clear and present danger”

→ free speech clause of 1st

Tinker v. Des Moines

symbolic speech protected

→ free speech clause of 1st

NYT v. US

no prior restraint (leak pentagon papers)

→ free press of 1st

Gideon v. Wainwright

attorney / right to counsel

→ selective incorporation

McDonald v. Chicago

states cant ban guns

→ selective incorporation

Citizens United v. FEC

Super PACS allow rich people to influence politics

→ free speech clause of 1st

Baker v. Carr

fed gov CAN intervene in redistricting if its justiciable issue (one person one vote)

→ equal protection clause

Shaw v. Reno

no lines drawn solely based on race

→ equal protection clause

Marbury v. Madison

Judicial review

Brown v. Board

desegregated schools

→ equal protection clause

Federalist 10

large republic better controls factions (ratify constitution bc larger/diverse nation is better against tyranny)

Brutus 1

Small republic better represents and protects people (don’t ratify constitution bc big country too many competing interests)

Federalist 51

checks and balances are great

Federalist 70

one president is best to quickly respond

Federalist 78

fed judges need life terms (to be independent from political pressure) and wont become too powerful (since its weakest branch)

1st A

Freedom of RAPPS

(religion, assembly, press, petition, speech)

2nd A

bear arms

3rd A

no quarting troops

4th A

need warrant (no unreasonable search and seizure)

5th A

due process, double jeopardy, trial by jury, no self incrimination

6th A

SPIA

(Speedy, public trial by impartial jury, right to attorney)

8th A

cruel and unusual punishment

9th A

other rights extend beyond those listed

10th A

rights reserved to states

13th A

no slavery

14th A

birthright citizenship, equal protection clause, due process

15th A

no racial discrimination in voting

17th A

direct election of senators

19th

womens sufferage

22nd A

pres limit 2 terms

23rd A

3 electoral votes to DC

24th A

no poll taxes

26th A

voting aged lowered from 21 to 18