Q4 SOC SCI QE

The term agriculture originated from Latin word, ___ meaning ___, and ___ signifying ___.

Ager, field, cultura, culture

___ refers to soil, land, or farm.

Field

Major production component in the Philippines

Agriculture

___, as a verb, means to raise or cultivate.

Culture

May be defined as the science and art of raising the products of the soil to satisfy human wants.

Agriculture

___ centers on, but is not limited to, the growing and raising of useful plants and animals.

Agriculture

Subsectors of the agricultural production:

1. Crop production
2. Livestock and Poultry Raising
3. Forestry
4. Fisheries

Refers to the growing of either food crops or commercial crops.

Crop production

2 Categories of Crop production:

1. Food Crops
2. Commercial Crops

They are generally intended for household consumption, although excess production may be sold to provide an additional source of income for the farmers.

Food crops

They are produced principally for commerce and trade

Commercial crops

___ and ___ are the most important food crops of the Filipinos.

Rice, corn

Nation’s staple food

Rice

Number one substiute for rice and a chief food for poultry.

Corn

___ includes managing, conserving, using, repairing, and creating forested and woodland areas.

Forestry

Smallest subsector of the Philippine agricultural sector in terms of contribution to national income and output.

Forestry

Another major component of the Philippine agriculture.

Fisheries

3 Categories of Fish production:

1. Commercial fishing
2. Municipal fishing
3. Aquaculture

This sector of fisheries includes the catching of fish in marine waters with the use of fishing boat of more than three gross tons and beyond the seven kilometers shoreline limit.

Commerical Fishing

This sector of fisheries includes the catching of fish in marine and inland waters with the use of fishing boat of three gross tons or less, or with the use of a gear not requiring the use of boats.

Municipal Fishing

This sector of fisheries includes the rearing or raising under controlled conditions of aquatic products, such as fish, oysters, mussels, sea weeds, and other aquatic resources in sea, lakes, and rivers.

Aquaculture

Country’s biggest source of fish supply

Aquaculture

___ eats up the biggest chunk of the income of the average Filipino family.

Food Consumption

These are unprocessed resources used for producing goods and services.

Raw materials

The agricultural sector is considered as the principal source of ___.

Raw materials

___ is a major employer of the country’s labor force.

Agriculture

If industries are the chief consumber of raw materials, agriculture is a major consumer of ___.

Manufactured products

This law granted the farmers the freedom to choose the system of tenency that they preferred to work under.

The Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954

The Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954 was enacted by ___.

President Ramon Magsaysay

This law aimed to established radical changes in the economic and social conditions of the peasants.

The Agricultural Land Reform Code of 1963

The Agricultural Land Reform Code of 1963 was enacted by ___.

President Diosdado Macapagal

He signed the Farmers Emancipation Act of 1972.

President Ferdinand Marcos

CARL stands for:

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law

CARP stands for:

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

He signed the CARP law

President Corazon Aquino

The Aquino administration aimed to fully implement the CARP within a ___-year period

ten

Reason why CARP failed

Lack of funds and Low valuation of landowners’ properties

He signed the RA no. 8532 to strengthen and extend the CARP for another ten years.

President Fidel Ramos

He signed the new law, known as CARPER

President Arroyo

CARPER stands for:

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Extension with Reforms

4 Challenges of the Philippines Agricultural Sector:

1. Low Diversification and Low Productivity
2. Climate Change
3. Natural Degradation
4. Inadequate Investment in Technology and Innovation

According to Bonn-based NGO German Watch, the Philippines is the ___th most affected country by climate change during the last 20 years.

5

This is due to deforestation leading to loss in biodiversity, soil erosion, flooding and poor water quality.

Natural Degradation

In the Philippines, investment in agricultural research and development as percentage of agricultural GDP has been barely ___% annually.

0\.3

The GDP percentage recommended by the World Bank is ___%

1

2 major production sectors of the economy:

1. Industrial sector
2. Service sector

The ___ is the processor of raw materials into finished products

Industrial sector

The ___ is the market distributor of processed goods.

Service sector

Different ways of doing agribusiness:

1. Contact growing
2. nucleus-estate scheme
3. corporate grower arrangements

Contract growing involves two parties:

1. Farmers
2. Firm

The ___ use their lands to produce the agreed quantity of farm goods for the firm.

Farmers

___ involves a nucleus farm and individual farmers.

Nucleus-estate scheme

A ___ is a company which produces and markets its own products.

Nucleus farm

The ___ could be a linkage system of farming.

Corporate-grower arrangements

___, if properly handled, is a good alternative to traditional farming.

agribusiness

5 subsectors of agribusiness sector in the Philippines:

1. Crop Production
2. Animal Production
3. Forestry and Logging
4. Fisheries
5. Agricultural Support Services and Manufacturing