Data Processing and Information Systems

These flashcards cover key concepts related to data processing, information systems, and associated technology terms.

Data

A set of numbers, text, pictures, videos etc. that have no set meaning or context.

Information

Data that have been given meaning and context after being processed by a computer or user.

Direct Data

Data collected from the source for a specific purpose and used only for that purpose.

Indirect Data

Data collected from third party sources and not used for its original purpose.

Questionnaires

A set of arranged questions distributed to people to obtain answers.

Observation

A method of gathering data by watching what happens in a given situation.

Data Logging

Using sensors and computers to collect data, analyze and output it in various formats.

Electoral Registers

Records of citizens eligible to vote in an election, containing details such as name and address.

Reliability

The quality of being trustworthy or the ability to be relied on.

Validation

The process in which data is checked to ensure it is reasonable and follows defined rules.

Verification

The process in which data is checked to ensure its accuracy by matching it with the original source.

Encryption

Process of converting data into code to prevent unauthorized access.

SSL/TLS

Protocols enabling encryption to protect data during transmission and ensure authenticity.

Backup Software

Programs that copy and store data to prevent loss due to corruption or crashes.

Malware

Software designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems.

Digital Divide

The gap between individuals who have access to technology and those who do not.

Expert System

Software designed to mimic human expertise and provide reasoning or solutions.

Normalization

The process of structuring a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

Video File Compression

The process of reducing the size of video files through coding techniques.

Sampling Rate

The number of samples per unit time taken from a continuous signal to make it digital.

Lossy Compression

A data compression technique that reduces file size by permanently eliminating certain data.

Lossless Compression

A data compression technique that reduces file size without losing any information.