natural supplements

complementary vs alternative medicine

complementary is used with conventional and alternative is used instead of conventional medicine

dietary supplements are regulated by

the dietary supplement health and education act (DSHEA)

who sets standard for dietary supplements

United States Pharmacopeia

DSHEA requires that manufacturer ensures

products are safe

adverse events from supplements can be reported to

FDAs safety Reporting Portal

information on natural medicine can be found in

general drug references and the natural medicines database

products that make claims must state

a disclaimer that FDA has not evaluated claims

cant make claimes that the supplement treats or cures a condition

st johns wort interaction with prescription drug

induce CYP450 and decreases the level of some drugs

SJW is serotonergic: do not use with MAOi,

concurrent use with SSRIs and SNris can be dangerous at higher doses

causes photosensitivity and requires sun protection

supplements that increase bleeding risk

5 Gs: garlic, ginger, gingko, ginseng, glucosamine

fish oils at higher doses

vitamin E

dong quai

willow bark (salicylate)

supplementd with risk of liver toxicity

black cohosh for meopausal symptoms

kava for stress and anxiety

supplements with risk of cardiotoxicity

ephedra, bitter roange (synephrine): stimulants

yohimbe used for erectile dysfunction to increase libido

caffeine:

supplements used for anxiety (4)

st johns wort

valerian

passion flower

kava

supplements used for cold sores

L-lysine

supplements used for colds and flu

echinacea, zinc, vitamin c

supplements used for dementia/memory

gingko, vitamin E

supplements used for depression

st johns wort, SAMe, 5-HTP

supplements used for diabetes

alpha lipoic acid, chromium, cassia cinnamon

supplements used for dyslipidemia

red yeast rice contains a natural form of lovastatin

omega-3-fatty acids

supplements used for dyspepsia

calcium, magnesium

supplements used for energy/weight loss

bitter orange (contains synephrine), caffeine, guarana, green tea powder

supplements used for erectile dysfunction

ginseng, l-arginine, yohimbe

supplements used for heart failure

coenzyme q10, hawthorn, omega 3 fatty acids

supplements used for hypertension

omega 3, garlic

supplements used for gi health

ginger, fiber, probiotics

supplements used for inflammation

omega 3, flaxseeds/oil, turmeric

supplements used for insomnia/sleep

melatonin 0.5-2 taken preflight and 5mg post flight

valerian

kava

chamomille

supplements used for liver disease

milk thistle

supplements used for menopause

black cohosh, evening primrose oil, soy, red clover

supplements used for migraine

feverfew, butterbur, magnesium, riboflavin

supplements used for motion sickness

ginger

supplements used for osteoarthritis

glucosamine, chondroitin, SAMe, turmeric

supplements used for osteoporosis

vitamin d, calcium, soy

supplements used for prostate health

soy palmetto, lycophene

supplements used for skin conditions

tea tree oil

supplements used for UTI

cranberry

safety concern for 5-HTP

Setoronergic

safety concern for beta-carotene

increased cardio mortality

safety concern for bitter orange

stimulant

safety concern for black cohosh

hepatotoxic

safety concern for caffeine

increased heart rate and bp

safety concern for hawthorn

positive inotrope. avoid use with digoxin (additive effects)

safety concern for potassium

dosed based on measured levels

safety concern for valerian

sedation

safety concern for vitamin c

nephrolithiasis

safety concern for vitamin e

increased bleeding risk

breastfed infants requie how much vitamin d

400 IU daily

600 mcg DFE=

360 mcg folic acid

all females of child bearing age should consume how much folic acid

400mcg DFE/Day

during pregnancy, folic acid requrement is

600 mcg DFE/day

how much DFE does prescription prenatal vitamin cost

1,000 mcg DFE

Vitam E supplementation

is not recommended

what is wernickes encephelopathy and how to prevent in acoholics

mental confusion, ataxia, tremor, vision changes. thiamine (b1) is used to prevent it

if wernicks isnt treated it can lead to

korsakoff syndrome

breastfed babies 4-6 monthd require how much iron

1 mg/kg/day

supplement that contains vitamin d and iron

polu-v-sol

depleted nutrient in amphothericin B

potassium, magnesium

depleted nutrient with antiseizure meds

calcium

depleted nutrient with isoniazid

vitamin b6

depleted nutrient for loop diuretics

potassium

depleted nutrient for metformin

b-12

depleted nutrient methotrexate

folate

depleted nutrient for orlistat

fat-soluble vitamins adek, beta-carotene

depleted nutrient for proton pump inhibitor

magnesium, vitamin b-12

ckd recommended supplement

vitamin d

goiter recommended supplement

iodine

macrocytic anemia recommended supplement

vitamin b12 and/or folate

microcytic anemia recommended supplement

ferrous sulfate

recommended supplement in pregnancy

folate, calcium, vitamin d, pyridoxine

homeopathy is based on what two principles

the law of similars where like is cured by like

very small amounts of an active substance are used for treatment