Psychiatric Disorders and APA Lecture Notes

Flashcards covering lecture notes on APA formatting, schizophrenia prognosis, psychotic disorders, and Cluster A and B personality disorders.

Purdue OWL

An online writing lab from Purdue University recommended as an accurate source for APA style guidelines and cover page examples.

Student version cover page

A simplified APA cover page that includes information about the class and instructor but omits the running head required for professional versions.

Frequent flyer

A term for individuals with schizophrenia who frequently enter and exit psychiatric institutions, often due to medication noncompliance rather than the severity of symptoms alone.

Schizotaxia

A designation for early indications of the onset of schizophrenia, often considered part of the prodromal phase.

Dopamine storm

A sudden rush of dopamine that causes acute psychotic symptoms in certain time-limited disorders, which may diminish over time.

Brain plasticity

The brain's ability to compensate for lesions or deficits, particularly when the brain is younger, because multiple areas play a role in functionality.

Brief psychotic disorder

A disorder involving positive symptoms like delusions and hallucinations that lasts for less than $1$ month.

Schizophreniform disorder

A psychotic disorder characterized by symptoms identical to schizophrenia but lasting between $1$ and $6$ months.

Schizoaffective disorder

A disorder involving symptoms of schizophrenia paired with a major depressive episode or a manic episode, distinguished by at least $2$ weeks of mood symptoms without psychotic symptoms.

Delusional disorder

A disorder where an individual experiences non-bizarre delusions while generally remaining functional and maintaining logic in areas outside the delusion.

Multiaxial system

A historical DSM classification system consisting of $5$ axes, where major mental illnesses were recorded on Axis I and personality disorders or intellectual disabilities were on Axis II.

Personality disorders

Enduring and rigid patterns of character that impair thinking, behavior, and feelings, often recognized in adolescence or early adulthood and appearing in approximately $7.8\%$ of the population.

Cluster A

A group of personality disorders described as odd or eccentric, which includes Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal personality disorders.

Paranoid personality disorder

A disorder characterized by pervasive suspiciousness, mistrust, and the perception of benign events as hostile, though lacking literal hallucinations or fixed delusions.

Schizoid personality disorder

A disorder marked by social withdrawal and indifference to human relationships, where the individual feels no need for connection and gains little pleasure from social interaction.

Schizotypal personality disorder

A disorder involving peculiar ideas, odd behavior, and social anxiety; unlike schizoid PD, these individuals may desire social connection but lack friends because their behavior is off-putting to others.

Cluster B

Known as the 'party cluster,' these disorders are characterized by dramatic, emotional, or erratic behavior and are typically seen as the most treatment-resistant group.

Antisocial personality disorder

A Cluster B disorder characterized by a pattern of lying, cheating, and stealing for power or personal gain, requiring a minimum age of $18$ and evidence of conduct issues before age $15$.

Asocial

A term describing social withdrawal or disinterest in social interaction, distinct from the active violation of others' rights seen in antisocial behavior.