Reproduction in Biology - Grade 1 Gymnasium

These flashcards cover key biological concepts of reproduction, including types of reproduction, plant and animal reproductive processes, and definitions of important terms.

Reproduction

The biological process by which organisms produce offspring, essential for the continuation of life.

Asexual reproduction (Monogony)

A form of reproduction where offspring are produced without the fusion of gametes, commonly observed in unicellular organisms.

Sexual reproduction (Amphigony)

A form of reproduction that involves the fusion of male and female gametes, observed in most plants and animals.

Fertilization

The process of merging male and female gametes to form a zygote.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen from anthers to the stigma of flowers, often aided by insects and wind.

Self-pollination

The process where pollen from the same flower’s anthers fertilizes its stigma.

Cross-pollination

The transfer of pollen from the anthers of one flower to the stigma of a different flower of the same species.

Germination

The process in which a seed develops into a new plant.

Angiosperms

Plants that reproduce using flowers and seeds, with seeds enclosed within fruits.

Gymnosperms

Plants with seeds that are not enclosed within a fruit, often referred to as naked seeds.

Hermaphrodites

Organisms that possess both male and female reproductive systems.

External fertilization

Fertilization that occurs outside the female's body; common in aquatic animals.

Internal fertilization

Fertilization that occurs inside the female's body; typical in many terrestrial animals.

Ovoviviparous

Animals that retain eggs within their bodies until they hatch to give live birth.

Viviparous

Animals that give birth to live young, with the embryo developing within the mother’s body.

Oviparous

Animals that lay eggs, which develop outside the parent's body.

Amphibians

A class of animals that usually undergo metamorphosis, including frogs and toads.

Reptiles

Cold-blooded vertebrates that typically lay eggs with leathery shells.

Mammals

Warm-blooded vertebrates characterized by the presence of mammary glands.

Invertebrates

Animals lacking a backbone, which can reproduce both sexually and asexually.