Court Cases - AP Government

Marbury v. Madison

Established Supreme Court power to strike down unconstitutional laws

Article III, Established Judicial Review

McCulloch v. Maryland

Federal law is supreme and Congress has implied powers

Necessary and Proper Clause + Supremacy Clause

Schenck v. United States

Speech can be limited if it poses a clear danger

1st Amendment, Free Speech Limits

Brown v. Board of Education

Segregated schools are unconstitutional

14th Amendment, Equal Protection Clause

Baker v. Carr

Courts can hear redistricting cases under equal protection

Equal Protection Clause, Limits Congressional Power

Engel v. Vitale

School-sponsored prayer violates the Constitution

1st Amendment Establishment Clause

Gideon v. Wainwright

States must provide lawyers to criminal defendants

6th Amendment + 14th Amendment Incorporation

Tinker v. Des Moines

Students have free speech rights in school

1st Amendment, Student Symbolic Speech

New York Times Co. v. United States

Government cannot censor the press beforehand

1st Amendment, Prior Restraint (Government Censorship)

Wisconsin v. Yoder

Religious beliefs can outweigh compulsory education laws

1st Amendment, Free Exercise Clause

Shaw v. Reno

Racially drawn districts may violate equal protection

Equal Protection Clause, Racial Gerrymandering

United States v. Lopez

Congress cannot overextend the Commerce Clause

Commerce Clause, Limits Congressional Power

McDonald v. Chicago

Second Amendment applies to the states

2nd Amendment + 14th Amendment Incorporation

Citizens United v. FEC

Political spending is protected free speech

1st Amendment, Political Speech / Spending