Electric note 6 and 7 😲

Renewable

Resources that can be reused or replaced. Some include tidal, wind, sun, thermal, geothermal and hydro

Non-renewable

Resources that can’t be replaced. Some include nuclear, fossil fuels and natural gases

Electromagnetic induction

Moving a conducting wire through a magnetic field. We use it to generate electricity. Transforms kinetic energy into electrical energy

Energy grid

Consists of generating stations, substation, users and all transmission lines to connect them.

Three main ways of generating energy

Movement of water, using heat and other

Movement of water/Hydroelectric

Generating energy while using water. Used moving water to spin turbines in places like dames, waterfalls and rivers.

Using heat/thermoelectric generation

Using heat to move water.

4 steps of using heat to generate electricity

1.Heat up water 2. Water evaporated into steam 3. Steam is forces through a turbine 4. Turbine spins

4 methods of using heat to create electricity

Fossil fuels, biomass, nuclear generation and geothermal.

Fossil fuels

Organic matter millions of years old (coal, kerosene, natural gases) Burns to create heat to boil water.

Biomass

Organic matter and animal waste (wood, crops, garbage). Decomposes to create methane which is burned to create heat and boil water.

Nuclear generation

Splits atoms (nuclear fission) to release energy that is used to boil. Used with heavy metals like uranium

Geothermal

Hot water/steam for the earth used to spin turbines

3 other sources of generating electricity

Solar, wind, tidal

Solar

Harnesses energy from the sun to generate electricity, only one that’s not kinetic. Uses solar panels.

Wind

Wind spins turbines, can go up at 250km/h. No need for water

Tidal

Harnesses the up and down movement of tides caused by the moon and sun

Unita to calculate cost of electricity

Kwh

Smart meters

Records info hour per hour and is sent directly to the electricity company

Incandescent bulbs

90% heat 10% light

Fluorescent bulbs

60% light 40% hest

Efficiency gormula

Efficieny = useful energy ÷ total energy

Percent efficieny formula

Percent efficient = eout ÷ ein × 100%, same as tests,

Energuide

Labels on all large electrical appliances. States how many Kwh is used per month and helps consumer compare prices with different brands and models

Energy star

Means the appliance is the most efficient in its class of applicances