06.E BIO RNA (PART E)

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10 Terms

1

RNA Nucleotides

A nucleic acid that consists of ribose and one of the following nitrogenous bases: A, U, G, C

<p>A nucleic acid that consists of ribose and one of the following nitrogenous bases: A, U, G, C</p>
2

RNA (Types)

mRNA

rRNA

tRNA

<p>mRNA</p><p>rRNA</p><p>tRNA</p>
3

RNA (Description)

A nucleic acid that is single stranded (no helix), and made up of RNA nucleotides that consist of a ribose sugar, a phosphate and one of four nitrogen bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil

4

messenger RNA (mRNA)

A type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis; contains a set of three nucleotides called a codon that determines the amino acid that is needed to make the protein

<p>A type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis; contains a set of three nucleotides called a codon that determines the amino acid that is needed to make the protein</p>
5

transfer RNA (tRNA)

A type of RNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis; contains a set of three nucleotides called an anticodon that complementary base pairs to the codon found on mRNA

<p>A type of RNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis; contains a set of three nucleotides called an anticodon that complementary base pairs to the codon found on mRNA</p>
6

mRNA Dictionary

A dictionary that is used to determine the amino acid that amino acid that each codon on RNA codes for

<p>A dictionary that is used to determine the amino acid that amino acid that each codon on RNA codes for</p>
7

Codon

A three letter sequence of nitrogen bases found on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid

<p>A three letter sequence of nitrogen bases found on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid</p>
8

Anticodon

A three letter sequence of nitrogen bases found on tRNA that codes for a particular amino acid

<p>A three letter sequence of nitrogen bases found on tRNA that codes for a particular amino acid</p>
9

Start / Stop codons

Codons on mRNA that signal the start and stop of protein synthesis. Start codon is AUG which also can code for methionine while the STOP codon and can one of three different codons

<p>Codons on mRNA that signal the start and stop of protein synthesis. Start codon is AUG which also can code for methionine while the STOP codon and can one of three different codons</p>
10

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Small structures made up of several ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules that are made in the nucleolus and can be found in the cytoplasm or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum; consist of one small and one large subunit; site of protein synthesis

<p>Small structures made up of several ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules that are made in the nucleolus and can be found in the cytoplasm or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum; consist of one small and one large subunit; site of protein synthesis</p>