Meiosis Mitosis

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Last updated 12:43 PM on 6/10/26
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21 Terms

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Cell Division

Cells grow, copy DNA, and divide

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Cell Cycle

Interphase → Mitosis → Cytokinesis

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Interphase

Cell grows, copies organelles, copies DNA, most time spent here

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Mitosis

Division of the nucleus

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Prophase

DNA coils into chromosomes, nuclear membrane breaks, spindle forms from centrioles

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Metaphase

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

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Anaphase

Centromere splits, chromatids move apart, each chromatid is now a chromosome

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Telophase

Nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes, cell looks like two

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Cytokinesis

Cytoplasm and organelles split, forming two new cells

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Cytokinesis (Animal)

Cell pinches in middle (cleavage furrow)

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Cytokinesis (Plant)

Cell plate forms to split cells

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Chromatin

Loose DNA in interphase, like uncoiled string

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Chromosome

Coiled DNA in mitosis

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Chromatid

One half of a chromosome

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Centromere

Holds two chromatids together

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DNA

Instructions for life

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Gene

Section of DNA that makes proteins, determines traits

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DNA Replication

Copying DNA so new cells have exact DNA

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Asexual Reproduction

1 parent → identical cells

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Sexual Reproduction

2 parents → gametes with half DNA → unique offspring

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Nuclear Membrane

The "skin" around the nucleus that protects DNA