Theory 12 Markers: Analyse...

... the differences between realists and liberals regarding the likelihood of conflict

T1 - [s] Human Nature: R = negative, conflict inevitable. L = positive, conflict avoidable

T2 - Reasons for Conflict: R = selfish, state survival. L = interventionist, human rights protection

T3 - IGO conflict prevention: R = subordinate to states, ineffective. L = important mechanisms, effective

... the differences between realists and liberals regarding the significance of international organisation and the significance of states

T1 - [s] Human Nature: R = selfish anarchy, states more important. L = rational cooperation, states less important

T2 - Type of State: R = state survival, type of state irrelevant. L = democratic peace thesis, democracy more sig

T3 - Success of states: R = relative gains, international cooperation fragile. L = absolute gains, international cooperation vital

... the differences between realists and liberals regarding their views of human nature

T1 - [s] Type of nature: R = fixed, state survival always goal. L = Changing, role of state transforms

T2 - Consequences: R = selfish, international anarchy. L = cooperative, complex interdependence

T3 - International Organisations: R = self interested, IOs weak. L = cooperative, IOs strong

... the differences between realists and liberals regarding their views of security

T1 - [s] Human Nature: R = negative, security is absence of attack. L = positive, security is mutual safety

T2 - Power: R = security dilemma, security through power. L = complex interdependence, security through reliance

T3 - International Organisations: anarchy, IOs unreliable. L = society, IOs reliable.

... the differences between realists and liberals regarding their views of the international system

T1 - [s] Human Nature: R = negative, anarchy. L = positive, society

T2 - Interaction between states: R = desire for power, security dilemma. L = Cooperative, complex interdependence

T3 - Relevance of IOs: R = not sovereign, cooperation only for benefit. L = powerful, cooperation for stability

... the differences between realists and liberals regarding their views of globalisation

T1 - [s] Human Nature: R = selfish anarchy, states more important. L = rational cooperation, globalisation more important

T2 - Economic Interaction: State survival primary goal, protectionist sovereignty. L = Mutual benefit/survival, complex interdependence

T3 - State Sovereignty: globalisation requires states, sovereignty unaffected. L = globalisation challenges states, sovereignty weakened

... the differences between realists and liberals regarding their views of the protection of human rights

T1 - [s] Human Nature: R = fixed and selfish, human rights second to national security. L = rational and moral, human rights tied to legitimacy

T2 - Who Decides them: R = state sovereignty, they decide them individually. L = international community, IOs decide them

T3 - Enforceability of Standards: R = Only intervene if in interest, unenforceable. L = Moral requirement to act, enforceable

... the differences between the realist concept of the security dilemma and liberal concept of complex interdependence

T1 - [s] Human Nature: R = selfish and fearful, neighbours are threats. L = rational and cooperative, neighbours are partners

T2 - What they are: R = Anarchy, prioritise state survival. L = Society, prioritise cooperation between states

T3 - Consequences: R = constant arms race, conflict inevitable. L = reliance on each other, conflict unlikely

... the differences between realist theory of the anarchical society and liberal theory of the society of states

T1 - [s] Human Nature: R = fixed and selfish, leads to anarchy. L = Rational and cooperative, leads to cooperation

T2 - IOs: R = states are sovereign, IOs only to further self interest. L = states less sovereign, IOs significant

T3 - Conflict: Anarchy causes security dilemma, conflict inevitable. L = society creates complex interdependence, conflict unlikely