Unit 4 American Political Ideologies and Beliefs - Vocab
Multiple Choice
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18 Terms
Individualism
the belief that individuals should be responsible for themselves and for the decisions they make
Equality of opportunity
individuals should have the same chance to succeed
Free enterprise
economic policy in which governments intrude as little as possible in the economic transactions between citizens and businesses
Rule of law
the principle that no one is above the law
Political socialization
the experiences and factors that shape an individual’s political values, attitudes, and behaviors
Political ideology
an individual’s coherent set of beliefs about government and politics
Exit poll
a survey conducted outside a polling place in which individuals are asked who or what they just voted for and why
Representative sample
a sample that reflects the demographics of the population
Keynesian theory
government should stimulate the economy during time of economy recession by spending money to encourage growth
Supply-side theory
government should stimulate the economy by cutting taxes to encourage businesses to grow and taxpayers to spend more
Monetary policy
a set of economic policy tools designed to regulate the amount of money in the economy
Fiscal policy
government use of taxing and spending to attempt to lower unemployment, support economic growth, and stabilize the economy
Liberal ideology
favoring less government control over social behavior and more greater regulation of businesses and the economy
Conservative ideology
favoring more control of social behavior, fewer regulations on businesses, and less government interference in the economy
Generational effect
the impact of historical events experienced by a generation upon their political views
Life cycle effect
the impact of a person’s age and stage in life on his or her political views
Tracking polls
a survey determining the level of support for a candidate or an issue throughout a campaign
Federal reserve system
a board of governors and bank members responsible for monetary policy
