Ballistics

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Forensic Science

Last updated 2:00 AM on 1/6/26
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22 Terms

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Ballistics
the study of projectiles (bullets) and firearms
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Barrel
the long, metal tube that guides a projectile out of a firearm
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Breech
the end of the barrel attached to the firing mechanism of a firearm where the cartridge is loaded and unloaded
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Bullet
the projectile that is released when a firearm is discharged
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Caliber
measure of the inside diameter of a firearm barrel
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Cartridge
a case that holds a bullet, primer powder, and gunpowder
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Firearm
a weapon capable of firing a projectile using a confined explosive as a propellant
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Fully automatic
a firearm with a clip-fed mechanism that fires repeatedly as long as the trigger is pressed
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Gunshot residue (GSR)
the tiny particles expelled from a firearm when it is fired
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lands and grooves
the ridges and depressions found on the inside of a firearm's barrel that are created when the firearm is manufactured
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Muzzle
the end of the barrel from which the projectile exits a firearm
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Pistol
any handgun whose ammo is not contained in a revolving cylinder
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Revolver
Handgun with a revolving cylinder
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Rifle

long gun that has a long barrel with lands and grooves in the barrel

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Rifling
Marks on a bullet caused by the lands and grooves in the barrel
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Semi-automatic

a pistol with a clip-fed mechanism that fires one shot per pull of the trigger; the empty cartridge ejects and the next cartridge advances automatically

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Shell casing
the metal (usually brass) housing for the gunpowder of a firearm
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Trajectory
path of flight of a projectile
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Internal Ballistics
The study of the processes occurring inside a firearm when a shot is fired.
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External Ballistics
The study of the projectile’s flight from the time it leaves the muzzle of the barrel until it hits the target
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Terminal Ballistics
The study of what happens when a projectile hits a target
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Shot gun

Long gun with a smooth barrel