Definitions for chemistry, physics and cs (HIGHER)

from qs course spec

Fetch Execute step 1:

The processor sets up the address bus with the required address

Fetch Execute step 2:

The processor activates the read line on the control bus.

Fetch Execute step 3:

An instruction is fetched from the memory location using the data bus and stored in the instruction register

Fetch Execute step 4:

The instruction in the instruction register is then interpreted by the decoder and carried out.

what is a meson

a particle made of a quark anti-quark pair

what is a baryon

a particle made of 3 quarks

what is a hadron

a particle made of quarks

what is a fermion

a matter or antimatter particle

What type of C to C bonding is saturated

C-C

What type of C to C bonding is unsaturated

C=C

What type of reaction is "hardening" an oil

hydrogenation

What does hardening an oil achieve?

It saturates the molecule, removing kinks and letting it pack together more tightly. This increases LDFS and thus BP making it a solid.

What catalyst is used in esterification

sulphuric acid

why is sulphuric acid used in esterification(2)

• to provide H+ ions

• to remove H2O

how can you tell an ester has formed(2)

• a layer has formed

• you can smell the ester

what type of solution is an ester put through after production

carbonate solution

why put an ester through Na2CO3 solution

• neutralise excess carboxylic acid

• neutralise sulphuric acid catalyst

why are oils good to eat?(2)

• they provide E

• they provide essential fatty acids

what is the formula for the range of +ve numbers an amount of bits can store?

2^n -1

what is the formula for the range of -ve numbers an amount of bits can store?

2^n

How is the exponent found in floating-point representation?

number of places it has moved from 0.1

logic error

An error in a program that makes it do something other than intended

execution error

An error that occurs while a program is running and causes the program to crash.

how does acidified K2Cr2O7 react with a primary alcohol

• the alcohol is oxidised to an aldehyde then to a carboxylic acid

• it goes from orange to green

how does acidified K2Cr2O7 react with a secondary alcohol

• the alcohol is oxidised to a ketone

• it goes from orange to green

how does benedicts/fehlings solution react with an aldehyde

• the aldehyde is oxidised to a carboxylic acid

• the solution changes from blue to brick red

how does tollens reagent react with an aldehyde

• the aldehyde is oxidised to a carboxylic acid

• the solution forms a silver mirror on the test tube wall