Stomach

What letter is the stomach shaped like? What is the location of the stomach?

Shaped like a J; located in the upper left abdominal quadrant

What allows the stomach to distend?

Rugae (AKA: gastric folds) of the mucosa and submucosa allow the stomach to stretch (distend)

What does the stomach begin the digestion of?

Proteins

What are the parts/regions of the stomach, and where are they located?

Cardia - small region near opening to esophagus

Fundus - small rounded region superior to cardia (top of stomach)

Body - main portion of stomach

Pylorus - distal portion near small intestine

What controls the release of food from the stomach into the small intestine?

Pyloric sphincter

What are the secretory cells of gastric glands, and what do they secrete? What do these secretions form together?

Mucous cells - produce mucous protecting the stomach lining

Chief cells - secrete pepsin (digests protein)

Parietal cells - secrete hydrochloric acid

Together, they form gastric juice

Where are gastric glands?

In the thick mucosa of the stomach (gastric pits also accepted)

What regulates gastric secretions?

Gastrin (hormone released from gastric glands) and parasympathetic impulses

What are the substances the stomach absorbs small quantities of?

• Water

• Some salts

• Alcohol

• Some (lipid-soluble) drugs

What is the pasty mixture of food and gastric juice in the stomach called?

Chyme

In comparison to each other, how quicky do liquids, fats, carbohydrates, and proteins pass through the stomach?

Liquids - quickly

Fats - 3 to 6 hours

Proteins and carbs - quickly