Biol defintions ffs

Reliability

Consistency of repeated results

(repeated x3 and small range in repeat)

Repeatability

Same group same method same results

Reproducibility

Other groups same method getting same results

Random error

Variation in results

Unpredictable

• repeat and calculate a mean

Systematic error

Consistent bias in one direction

• recalibrate equipment improve method

Accuracy

How close it is to true value

Affected by systematic errors

Precision

How close repeated values are to each other

Small spread of values

Validity

Whether experiment measures what you intend to measure

Improve accuracy

Higher resolution

Reduce systematic error

Improve validity

Repeat calculate mean

Controls (height time ..)

Larger sample

Improve Reliability

Repeat calculate a mean

Identify anomalies (dont fit trend)

Improve Precision

Higher resolution equipment

reduce spread of data

Improve repeatability and reproduce

Repeat calculate a mean

Same standard method

Improve strength

Larger sample ( smaller intervals)

Why choose 5%

Level normally used in all biological experiments

Meaning of 5%

Less than 5% it is due to chance

Control

Allow compare results

ensure changes are due to independent

Acclimatise / equilibra

Acclimatise to reach a set temperature around 10 mins