Milgram, Perry, Piliavin AICE PSCYH

What was the purpose of Milgram's study on obedience?

To investigate the extent to which individuals would obey authority figures, even when the actions they were instructed to perform conflicted with their personal morals and ethics.

What percentage of participants in Milgram's study administered the maximum shock of 450 volts?

In Milgram's study, 65% of the participants administered the maximum shock of 450 volts, demonstrating a profound level of obedience to the authority figure.

What role did participants play in Milgram's experiment?

Participants were assigned the role of 'teacher,' where they were responsible for administering electric shocks to a 'learner' for incorrect answers during a memory test.

What was the main finding regarding participant reactions in Milgram's study?

Participants exhibited significant emotional stress, such as feelings of tension and anxiety, yet continued to comply with the orders to administer shocks due to the pressure exerted by the authority figure.

How did oxytocin affect interpersonal distance according to the study conducted on its effects?

In the oxytocin study, high-empathy individuals chose to stand closer to others after receiving oxytocin, indicating that this hormone can influence social proximity, while low-empathy individuals maintained greater distances.

What was the sample size of the oxytocin study, and what were the criteria for participants?

The oxytocin study involved a sample of 54 male undergraduate students, all of whom were screened to ensure they had no psychiatric or neurological disorders.

What was one key conclusion drawn from the oxytocin study?

The study concluded that the effects of oxytocin on social behavior are contingent upon individual traits, such as levels of empathy, suggesting that biological factors can interact with psychological characteristics.

What was the main purpose of Piliavin et al.'s Good Samaritanism study?

The aim of Piliavin et al. was to explore the factors that influence helping behavior in emergency situations, particularly examining the role of victim characteristics and bystander effects.

In Piliavin's study, which type of victim was helped more frequently?

Victims who were ill received more help compared to those who appeared to be drunk, indicating that the perceived nature of the victim's condition influences bystanders' willingness to assist.

How did the presence of a helping model affect bystander intervention in Piliavin's study?

The introduction of a helping model who intervened early increased the likelihood of others stepping in to help, demonstrating the social influence of modeling behavior during emergencies.

What was a significant finding regarding the race of victims and helpers in Piliavin's study?

The study found that both white and black victims were equally likely to receive help overall. However, same-race helping was more prevalent in the scenario where the victim was perceived as drunk.