exam 3 stuff to study

What is the byproduct water gives off?

O₂

What happens during light capture in photosynthesis?

Light energy is converted into chemical energy stored as ATP and NADPH.

What happens when chlorophyll absorbs light?

e- get excited, convert light energy—>chemical energy

What starts electron transport?

reaction center

What does photosystem 1 do?

uses light energy to give electrons to NADP+

T or F: In cyclic e- flow, NADPH is made.

False

What is phosphorylation?

ATP synthase uses H+ flow tp make ATP

What is C4 plant?

Had 4-carbon compound as first product

What do CAM plants do?

CO₂ at night to minimize H₂0 loss

What is cell-cell?

cells physically attached

What is contact-dependent signalling?

signal isnt released and stays on cell’s surface

what is PDGF?

growth factor

Explain notch and delta.

delta= signal, neurons

notch=receptor, glial cells

A plant can still produce NADPH, but ATP production stops. Which Calvin cycle phase is most directly affected?

Regeneration of RuBP

A scientist prevents electrons from reaching NADP⁺. Which product would decrease most directly?

A. ATP
B. Oxygen
C. NADPH
D. Starch

NADPH

what is signal transduction ?

process of cell turning signal-->response

what is  most abundant protein in the animal extracellular matrix?

collagen

what do keratinocytes protect?

underlying tissues/organs

what is function of fibroblasts?

in dermis, make ECM proteins

what is structure of intermediate filaments?

rope

How are microtubules assembled?

tubulin joined together

What would happen if microtubules were unable to associate with dynein and kinesin?

they couldnt effectively transport cargo

What are structures that contain microtubules?

cilia, flagella

What do microfilaments use myosin for?

to transport cargo like vesicles

what is function of intermediate filaments?

mechanical strength

What is the structure of intermediate filaments?

made of different proteins

Where are intermediate filaments?

in cytoplasm and nucleus,

what happens in adheren junction?

cadherin bind actin to matrix

what do hemidesmosomes do?

anchor cells to matrix, integrins bind matrix proteins

what do tight junctions use to form seal between cells?

membrane proteins

What are the epithelial cells in epidermis called?

keratinocytes

BOTH microfilaments/microtubules are involved in ____ and ___.

cell shape, movement