[GENERAL CHEMISTRY] Thermodynamics

b. Thermodynamics

Study of energy conversion or transformation in the universe.

a. Thermomanology

b. Thermodynamics

c. Thermokinetics

d. Thermology

a. System

[PARTS OF THE UNIVERSE]

Isolated from the rest by a boundary or wall.

a. System

b. Surrounding

b. Surrounding

[PARTS OF THE UNIVERSE]
Everything outside

a. System

b. Surrounding

a. Open system (Non-conservative)

[PARTS OF THE UNIVERSE]

Allows exchange of energy and matter.

a. Open system

b. Closed system

c. Isolated system

b. Closed system (Conservative)

[PARTS OF THE UNIVERSE]
Allows exchange of energy but not matter.

a. Open system

b. Closed system

c. Isolated system

c. Isolated system

[PARTS OF THE UNIVERSE]

Does not allow exchange of both energy and matter.

a. Open system

b. Closed system

c. Isolated system

a. Open system

[PARTS OF THE UNIVERSE]
Non-conservative

a. Open system

b. Closed system

c. Isolated system

b. Closed system

[PARTS OF THE UNIVERSE]

Conservative
a. Open system

b. Closed system

c. Isolated system

c. Isolated system

[PARTS OF THE UNIVERSE]

Adiabatic walls.

a. Open system

b. Closed system

c. Isolated system

a. State function

[PATH DEPENDENCE]

Independent of the path (depends only on initial and final states of system)

a. State function

b. Non-state function

c. Zeroth Law

State function

Depends only on initial and final states of system

a. State function

b. Non-state function

c. Zeroth Law

e. Heat - this is a non-state function.

[PATH DEPENDENCE]

State function except:

a. Enthalpy (H)

b. Internal energy (U)

c. Gibb's Free Energy (G)

d. Entropy (S)

e. Heat

f. None

b. Non-state function

[PATH DEPENDENCE]

Dependent on the path.

a. State function

b. Non-state function

c. Zeroth Law

d. a and b - Entropy (S) is a state function.

[PATH DEPENDENCE]

Non state function:

a. Work

b. Heat

c. Entropy

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

c. Zeroth Law

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

If two systems are in thermal equilibrium respectively with a third system, they must be in thermal equilibrium with each other.

a. State function

b. Non-state function

c. Zeroth Law

d. Raoult's Law

a. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

Law of conservation of energy

a. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

b. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

c. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

a. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
Energy is neither created nor destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another.

a. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

b. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

c. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

a. Enthalpy

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

Heat or Reaction energy.

a. Enthalpy

b. Internal energy

c. Gibb's free energy

d. Entropy

b. Hess' Law

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

Change in H is independent of reaction/steps that occurred (only the initial and final steps is the basis).

a. Henry's Law

b. Hess' Law

c. Raoult's Law

d. Fick's Law

f. All

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

+ change in H:

a. Heat is absorbed

b. Cold environment

c. Endothermic

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

f. All

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

- change in H:

a. Heat is released

b. Hot environment

c. Exothermic

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

b. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
Law of entropy

a. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

b. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

c. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

b. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

• No way but up

• For an isolated system, total entropy can never decrease over time

a. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

b. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

c. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

d. Entropy

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

Measure of system's thermal energy per unit temperature

a. Enthalpy

b. Internal energy

c. Gibb's free energy

d. Entropy

d. Entropy

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
Degree of disorderliness or randomness

a. Enthalpy

b. Internal energy

c. Gibb's free energy

d. Entropy

e. None

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
+Change in entropy (S) except:

a. Spontaneous

b. Increase

c. Irreversible

d. Real case

e. None

b. Increase - should be constant

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
-Change in entropy (S) except:

a. Non spontaneous

b. Increase

c. Reversible

d. Ideal case which is in a steady state, equilibrium

e. None

a. True

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

Change in enthalpy (H) does nor predict spontaneity.

a. True

b. False

c. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
If an object reaches absolute zero temperature (0K = -273.15°C = -459.67°F), all its atom will stop moving.

a. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

b. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

c. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

c. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
Entropy of perfect, solid, crystalline substance is zero at absolute 0 temperature

a. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

b. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

c. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

c. Gibb's free energy

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
Thermodynamic state function that combines enthalpy and entropy.

a. Enthalpy

b. Internal energy

c. Gibb's free energy

d. Entropy

a. ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]

Gibb's free energy:

a. ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

b. ΔG = TΔS - ΔH

c. ΔG = ΔH + TΔS

d. ΔG = ΔH x TΔS

c. Both

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
ΔG < 0

a. Negative

b. Spontaneous

c. Both

d. None

c. Both

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
ΔG > 0

a. Positive

b. Non spontaneous

c. Both

d. None

d. None

[LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS]
ΔG = 0

a. Equilibrium

b. No more work to be done

c. Both

d. None