Organelles, Organelles, Parts of the Cell, Organelles

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Last updated 1:56 PM on 5/26/26
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43 Terms

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cell membrane

flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

<p>flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell</p>
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cytoplasm

The fluid material inside of a cell that supports the cell and its organelles

<p>The fluid material inside of a cell that supports the cell and its organelles</p>
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nucleus

Brain of the cell, contains all the cell's DNA with coded instructions for making proteins and other molecules

<p>Brain of the cell, contains all the cell's DNA with coded instructions for making proteins and other molecules</p>
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ribosome

assembles amino acids to create proteins

<p>assembles amino acids to create proteins</p>
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Golgi apparatus

Receives proteins & materials from the ER, packages them, & distributes them

<p>Receives proteins &amp; materials from the ER, packages them, &amp; distributes them</p>
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lysosome

A membrane bound organelle containing digestive enzymes that breakdown cellular waste.

Removes "junk" from cells and old organelles

<p>A membrane bound organelle containing digestive enzymes that breakdown cellular waste.</p><p>Removes "junk" from cells and old organelles</p>
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cell wall

A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell - usually plants, fungi algae, and some bacteria

<p>A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell - usually plants, fungi algae, and some bacteria</p>
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vacuole

Stores material such as water, salts, proteins and carbs

<p>Stores material such as water, salts, proteins and carbs</p>
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chloroplast

In plant cells and algae: organelle that uses the sun's energy to produce food through photosynthesis.

<p>In plant cells and algae: organelle that uses the sun's energy to produce food through photosynthesis.</p>
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flagella

a "whip-like" structure that helps

some cells MOVE

<p>a "whip-like" structure that helps</p><p>some cells MOVE</p>
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cilia

short "hair-like" structures that help some cells MOVE and stick to other bacteria

<p>short "hair-like" structures that help some cells MOVE and stick to other bacteria</p>
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Organelle

Specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell

<p>Specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell</p>
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Cell

Basic unit of life. All cell contain a cell membrane and DNA

<p>Basic unit of life. All cell contain a cell membrane and DNA</p>
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In what organelle does cellular respiration take place

Mitochondria

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Name two storage organelles

Vacuoles and vesicles

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cell membrane

A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.

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Semipermeable

Only certain substances can pass through

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Nucleus

Control center of the cell. Contains DNA.

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Cytoplasm

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

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Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that gives the cell energy

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Ribosomes

organelle that makes proteins. Located on the ER or in cytoplasm

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Golgi apparatus

Organelle that packs and ships molecules

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.

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cell wall

A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support for plant cells

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Chloroplast

organelle found in plant cells that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

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Chloroplast is the key part in

photosynthesis

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Mitochondria

"power plants" of the cell; sites of cellular respiration

<p>"power plants" of the cell; sites of cellular respiration</p>
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Chloroplast

organelle that converts solar energy to sugar; makes plants green because they contain chlorophyll; site of photosynthesis; found in plant cells (and some bacteria) only

<p>organelle that converts solar energy to sugar; makes plants green because they contain chlorophyll; site of photosynthesis; found in plant cells (and some bacteria) only</p>
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Ribosomes

where proteins are made in the cell

<p>where proteins are made in the cell</p>
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Cell Wall

hard organelle just outside the cell membrane; gives the plant cell (and some prokaryotic cells) structure and support; protects the cell; contains pores which allow materials to pass to and from the cell membrane

<p>hard organelle just outside the cell membrane; gives the plant cell (and some prokaryotic cells) structure and support; protects the cell; contains pores which allow materials to pass to and from the cell membrane</p>
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Cell Membrane

separates the cell from the surrounding environment and functions as a selective barrier for the import and export of materials.

<p>separates the cell from the surrounding environment and functions as a selective barrier for the import and export of materials.</p>
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Nucleus

where most of the genetic material (or DNA) of the cell is stored; only found in eukaryotes.

<p>where most of the genetic material (or DNA) of the cell is stored; only found in eukaryotes.</p>
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Cytoplasm

a fluid, or gel-like substance, that fills the cell; the organelles and other particles float in it.

<p>a fluid, or gel-like substance, that fills the cell; the organelles and other particles float in it.</p>
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Organelle

tiny specialized structures inside each cell that carry out a specific function.

<p>tiny specialized structures inside each cell that carry out a specific function.</p>
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Vacuole

fluid-filled organelles that store materials such as food, water, sugar, minerals and waste products; MUCH larger in plant cells

<p>fluid-filled organelles that store materials such as food, water, sugar, minerals and waste products; MUCH larger in plant cells</p>
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Unicellular

having only one cell

<p>having only one cell</p>
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Multicellular

having more than one cell

<p>having more than one cell</p>
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Golgi Apparatus (or Bodies)

modifies, sorts, and temporarily stores proteins

<p>modifies, sorts, and temporarily stores proteins</p>
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Cell Theory

1. All living things are made of cells

2. Cells are the most basic unit of life

3. Cells come from other cells

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Things common to ALL CELLS

cell membrane

ribosome

Nucleus or (DNA)

cytoplasm

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Types of cells that have a cell wall

some prokaryotes and plant cells

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Homeostasis

a state of equilibrium; a cell keeping itself (and it's organism) happy, balanced, content

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Lysosome

small round structures that contain a strong digestive enzymes which, when released, can break down worn out organelles