Ecology (regents)

vjfbm,erbnmerb

what do arrows show in food chains?

direction of energy flow

what do food webs show?

multiple food chains

As you go up a trophic pyramid ______ and _______ decrease

energy and number of organisms

What is the ten percent rule?

10% of the energy of what the consumer ate will be held on to

Where does the other 90% of energy go?? why just 10%??

it gets lost as heat

list the trophic pyramid

autotroph (primary producer), primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer

the ultimate source of energy for most ecosystmes is the ___?

sun

how do the primary producers get that energy to pass of to the primary consumer?

light energy

What do the autotrophs do with the light energy to make it into energy?

light energy gets converted to glucose and oxygen via photosynthesis

Consumer will use the avalible glucose for what?

cellular respiration?

includes all similar organisms which can interbreed and produce offspring

species

A group of the same species that interbreed

population

All the various populations in an area that interact and make up a _____

community

All the living nd nonliving components an area

• abiotic and biotic

ecosystem

Groups of ecosystems with a similar climate

biome

the parts of earth where life exits

Biosphere

the name where an ecosytem comprised of living things

biotic

the name where an ecosystem comprised of non living things

abiotic

_________ is the variety of organisms in an ecosystem

biodiversity

both species benefit

mutualism

one organism benefits while the other does not

parasitism

one organism benefits and there is no harm/benefit to the other organism

commensalism

Organisms have close relationships with other organisms within an ecosystem. This relationship is known as?

Symbiosis

Range of a population

Geographic distribution

the number of individuals per unit area

population density

the spatial dstribution of individuals with the population

population dispersion

3 types of population dispersion?

clumped, uniform, random

A ______ can be conducted to determine the population density of a species.

population sample

The amout by which a populations size changes over time

growth rate

any factor that restrains the growth of a population

limiting factor

the number of individuals the environment can support over a long period of time

carrying capacity

a model of population growth in which growth slows or stops following a period of exponential growth is called ______

logistic growth