Anatomy Lecture/Lab Exam 2 Study Guide

Anatomy Lecture/Lab Exam 2 Study Guide

Bony framework

1. mastoid process

2. styloid process

3. mandible & angle of mandible

4. hyoid bone (greater & lesser horns)

5. thyroid cartilage

6. clavicle

Platysma

Superficial Fascia Layer

—Origin: Pectoral fascia below the clavicle

—Insertion: 1) inferior border of the mandible, 2) risorius muscle, 3) corner of the mouth (modiolus)

—Innervation: cranial nerve 7 (facial nerve)

—Actions: 1) tense skin of neck, 2) aids in depression of mandible

Purpose of the Deep Fascia

allows structures in neck to move & pass over one another without difficulty for swallowing, and turning the head & neck

Investing Fascia

—The most superficial deep fascial layer

—Surrounds neck deep to skin and subcutaneous tissue

—Surrounds entire neck like a collar

Visceral (Pretrachial) Fascia

—Lies deep to the Investing Fascia

—only the anterior part of the neck

Carotid Sheath

the carotid sheath is a component of the deep fascia of the neck.

It acts as a protective shield that covers the common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and the vagus nerve.

Prevertebral Fascia

POSTERIORLY: forms a tubular sheath for the vertebral column and the muscles associated with it

ANTERIORLY: blends with the anterior longitudinal ligament

Sternocleidomastoid

*accessory muscle of respiration

—Origin: 1) manubrium, 2) medial 1/3 of clavicle

—Insertion: mastoid process

—Actions: flexes the neck, draws head to shoulder, turns face to opposite side

—Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve

Trapezius

—Actions:

Neck: Extend the head, Lateral flexion

Scapula: Elevation, Depression, Retraction, Superior rotation

—Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve

Omohyoid

—Origin: Superior border of scapula

—Insertion: Intermediate tendon

—Action: Depresses hyoid and larynx

—Innervation: Ansa cervicalis

Anterior Scalenes

Origin: Transverse processes of  C3 to C6

Insertion:1st rib

Action: Bilaterally flexes the neck, singly flexes neck laterally

Innervation: VPR C4 – C6