PPT 1 - info - exam 5

susceptible organism

-identify organism before treatment (antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral)

MOA = inhib bacterial cell wall, inhib protein synthesis, inhib DNA/RNA synthesis

bactericidal vs. bacteriostatic

-bactericidal = drugs lethal to bacteria

-bacteriostatic = slow bacterial growth - no cell death

sites that are considered sterile/ known for contamination

-sterile = central lines/ ports, cerebral spinal fluid, blood, pericardial fluid

-contamination = sputum, nasal passages

classification of antibacterial agents

susceptible organism = identify organism before treatment (what grows on petri dish; antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral)

-MOA = inhib bacterial cell wall, inhib protein synthesis, inhib DNA/RNA synthesis

know diff between gram + and - cell wall

when selecting antibiotics factors to condsider

-infecting organism, drug sensitivity, host factors (immune system, age, site on infection)

acquired drug resistance - microbial mechanism

-mutations in DNA

-DNA transferred from one bacterium to another’

-drug resistant bacteria present (on antibiotics) = kill non-resistant bacteria = more nutrients for drug resistant bacteria

acquired drug resistance = microbes become less sensitive or lose resistance entirely

-broad spectrum = kills multiple types of bacteria

-overuse of antibiotics = most common

-incomplete treatment

-nosocomial infections = hospital multiple resistant bacteria

interventions to delay resistance

-use only when needed

-narrow spectrum vs broad spectrum (obtain culutres as possible)

-reserve use of newer antibiotics

-teach to complete full prescription

drugs that weaken bacterial cell wall

penicillin’s, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams, vanocomycin

drug resistance beta lactam ring

-penicillin’s, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactam, beta lactamases or penicillinase = resistance