FINALIZED Health Exam Study Guide

The World Health Organization defines health as_______________

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being

Learning from life experience and the capacity to question and evaluate information requires blank _____________________________________health.

intellectual health

Which age group of Americans experiences the greatest health deficits?

Young Adults

Which of the following statements is true of the health differences between men and women?

Women are more likely than men to not smoke and to eat a healthy diet, but less likely to have adequate physical activity levels.

Which of the following is one of the health issues that undergraduate college students in particular experience?

A significant proportion report symptoms of depression, anxiety, and other mental disorders.

Which of the following statements is true about the impact of unhealthy choices on young Americans?

Obese children often grow into obese adults, with risks of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

In searching the Internet for information about a question you have regarding your health, which one of these is NOT a key concern?

The web browser used

Factors that influence health behavior, including knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, values, and perceptions, are _____________________.

predisposing

According to which theory or model of personal change do people take a health-related action if they feel susceptible to a possible negative consequence?

Health belief

______________________health describes our ability to perceive reality as it is, to respond to its challenges, and to develop rational strategies for living.

Mental

The highest level of the “Maslow pyramid” of human needs is ________________.

self-actualization

Which of the following approaches to practicing positive psychology requires a person to expect positive experiences from life?

Becoming optimistic

People who are autonomous __________________.

are true to themselves

Being assertive includes ____________________.

making your needs and desires clear to others

What is the first step in the process of values clarification?

Carefully consider the consequences of each choice.

When you forgive, _________________

you free yourself from anger, resentments, and reliving hurts over and over again

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which of the following statements is true of sleep-related problems among Americans?

Women are more likely than men to report not getting enough sleep

The most widely publicized dietary supplement for relieving insomnia contains________________________.

melatonin

Neurons_________________________________.

transmit information within the brain and throughout the body by means of electrical impulses and chemical messengers

Which of the following is one of the ways in which male and female brains differ?

When men actively think about something, neurons turn on in highly specific areas of the brain.

Areas of the brain responsible for tasks such as blank 1 are not fully developed until the mid-20s.

organizing and planning

Which of the following is a factor that increases vulnerability to a mental disorder among undergraduates?

Financial pressures

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of major depression?

Difficulty concentrating

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of bipolar disorder?

Mood swings

Which of the following anxiety disorders is treated with a process called systematic desensitization?

Phobia

Panic attacks______________________.

occur more frequently among family members with the disorder

Individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder________________.

realize that their behaviors are irrational

Which of the following strategies will benefit students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Record lectures rather than taking notes

According to the National Institute of Mental Health,________________ is characterized by abnormalities in brain structure and chemistry, destroys “the inner unity of the mind,” and weakens “the will and drive that constitute our essential character.”

schizophrenia

Which of the following is true of suicide?

Women attempt suicide much more often than men

____________________takes into account the role of early experiences and unconscious influences in actively shaping behavior.

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

Which of the following therapies focuses on modifying inappropriate or inaccurate thoughts or beliefs to help individuals break out of a distorted, maladaptive way of thinking?

Cognitive therapy

Stress is defined as_______________________.

a response to any event or situation that either upsets or excites us

“Neustress” is a term that has been introduced to refer to_________ stresses.

neutral

Another term for looking at an individual’s health as a whole rather than part by part is_______________.

holistic

College students who report higher stress levels are more likely to____________.

consume junk food and soft drinks

In a recent American Psychological Association survey of men and woman across the country, one in three Americans said_____________ is/are a very or somewhat significant source of stress.

personal safety

What kind of experiences that racial minorities have are referred to as microaggressions?

subtle negations of identity

What is burnout?

a state of exhaustion brought on by constant or repeated emotional pressure

Traumatic events that may trigger acute stress disorder include which of the following?

personal or physical assault

Which of the following is true of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Without recognition and treatment, PTSD can last for decades

A person suffering from PTSD may experience which of the following symptoms?

terror-filled dreams

According to the general adaptation syndrome theory, how does the body typically respond to an acute stressor?

the body demonstrates three stages of change: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

Which of the following is produced by the adrenal gland as a response to stress?

cortisol

Which of the following statements is true of stress and the gastrointestinal system?

stress can constrict blood vessels in the digestive tract

__________________produce a fight-or-flight response and prompt the immune system to ready itself for the possibility of infections resulting from bites, punctures, or other wounds.

acute time-limited stressors

The transactional model views stress as ______________.

a function both of stressors and a person’s reaction to them

The Yerkes-Dodson Law states that___________________.

when your stress level is neither too high nor too low but just right, you are energized, effective, and efficient

Which of the following is a factor that enables individuals to thrive in the face of adversity?

self-efficacy

A relaxed, peaceful state of being can be achieved with which of the following activities?

meditating for 15 minutes

Which of the following techniques will help a student with time management?

providing small incentives at regular intervals

Which of the following statements is true of social health?

it involves developing interpersonal relationships

The process by which friends, friends of friends, acquaintances, and others in our social circle influence our behavior and our health is termed _____________.

social contagion

Which of the following traits is essential to communicate clearly?

being assertive

Which of the following statements is true regarding the gender differences in communication?

women speak more in private, usually to build better connections with others

Which of the following is true of friendships?

It is not possible to have more than five best friends through face-to-face contact.

What is social anxiety disorder?

fear and avoidance of social situations

Possible unintended negative consequences of sexting include___________.

a risk of unwanted sexual advances

Which of the following uses online sites, forums, and social media to harass victims and damage their reputation?

cyberstalking

Online dating is on the rise. Which of the following is true about this form of meeting a potential partner?

many consider online dating to be a bit more dangerous than traditional forms

____________________is a state of closeness between two people characterized by sharing innermost thoughts and feelings.

intimacy

Which of the following have studies shown to be among the most important reasons for attraction among college students?

Warmth and kindness

Which of the following is true about intimate partner violence?

It occurs more often among cohabiting couples.

Which of the following terms refers to unwittingly contributing to a person’s addictive or abusive behavior?

enabling

Which of the following is the first stage of a relationship?

blending

Which of the following statements is true of marriages and divorces among Americans?

married people have lower rates of coronary disease and cancer

Which of the following statements is true of American families?

in African American families, traditional gender roles are often reversed

Blended families are families _______________.

in which one or both partners bring children from a previous union