sexual and paraphilic disorders

What is the key difference between a paraphilia and a paraphilic disorder?

A paraphilia is an unusual sexual interest, while a paraphilic disorder causes distress, impairment, or harm/risk to others.

Which DSM-5 criterion is required for diagnosing most paraphilic disorders?

Symptoms must last at least 6 months.

What is the difference between sexual dysfunctions and paraphilic disorders?

Sexual dysfunctions involve problems with sexual response/functioning, while paraphilic disorders involve atypical sexual interests.

What are the four phases of the sexual response cycle?

Desire, excitement/arousal, orgasm, and resolution.

Which disorder involves recurrent sexual arousal from exposing one’s genitals to unsuspecting strangers?

Exhibitionistic disorder.

Which disorder involves sexual arousal from observing unsuspecting people who are naked or engaging in sexual activity?

Voyeuristic disorder.

Which disorder involves sexual arousal from touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person?

Frotteuristic disorder.

Which paraphilic disorder requires the individual to be at least 18 years old for diagnosis?

Voyeuristic disorder

What is the defining feature of sexual masochism disorder?

Sexual arousal from being humiliated, beaten, bound, or made to suffer.

What is the defining feature of sexual sadism disorder?

Sexual arousal from the physical or psychological suffering of another person.

What is transvestic disorder?

Recurrent sexual arousal from cross-dressing that causes distress or impairment.

What is fetishistic disorder?

Sexual arousal from nonliving objects or highly specific non-genital body parts.

What is pedophilic disorder?

Recurrent sexual urges/fantasies involving prepubescent children.

What age difference is generally required in pedophilic disorder diagnosis?

The individual must be at least 16 and at least 5 years older than the child.

What is the difference between exclusive and nonexclusive pedophilic disorder?

Exclusive attraction is only toward children; nonexclusive includes attraction to adults too.

Which sexual dysfunction involves delayed, infrequent, or absent orgasm in females?

Female orgasmic disorder.

Which disorder involves inability to achieve or maintain an erection?

Erectile disorder.

Which sexual dysfunction is characterized by ejaculation occurring sooner than desired?

Premature (early) ejaculation.

Which disorder involves marked delay or absence of ejaculation?

Delayed ejaculation.

What is female sexual interest/arousal disorder?

Lack of sexual interest, fantasies, initiation, or pleasure.

What disorder involves pain during intercourse or fear/anxiety about penetration?

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder.

What is male hypoactive sexual desire disorder?

Persistently deficient or absent sexual thoughts/desire in males.

How long must sexual dysfunction symptoms generally persist for diagnosis?

About 6 months.

What are common causes of sexual dysfunctions?

Psychological factors, medical conditions, medications, stress, or relationship issues.

Which neurotransmitter is strongly associated with sexual desire and pleasure?

Dopamine.

What type of therapy is commonly used for sexual dysfunctions?

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and sex therapy.

Which medication class is commonly used for erectile disorder?

PDE-5 inhibitors (ex: sildenafil).

What is the main distinction between consensual BDSM practices and sexual sadism disorder?

Sexual sadism disorder involves distress, impairment, or nonconsenting individuals.

True or False: Having an unusual sexual interest automatically means someone has a disorder.

False

Why is distress or impairment important in diagnosing sexual disorders?

It separates normal variation from clinically significant disorders.

Which paraphilic disorder is associated with stealing items such as underwear for sexual arousal?

Fetishistic disorder.

What does “specifier: in a controlled environment” mean for paraphilic disorders?

The person lives in a setting where opportunities to act on urges are restricted.

What does “specifier: in remission” mean in paraphilic disorders?

No distress/impairment or acting on urges for at least 5 years.

What is one major ethical/legal concern with certain paraphilic disorders?

Nonconsenting victims and risk of harm.

Which disorder may involve intense anxiety related to anticipated penetration?

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder.

What is the primary focus of treatment for paraphilic disorders?

Reducing harmful behaviors and managing urges safely.

What type of conditioning theory is sometimes linked to development of paraphilias?

Classical conditioning.

Which sexual dysfunction can be lifelong or acquired?

Most sexual dysfunctions.

What is the difference between lifelong and acquired sexual dysfunctions?

Lifelong has always been present; acquired develops after normal functioning.

What is the difference between generalized and situational sexual dysfunctions?

Generalized occurs in all situations; situational occurs only in certain contexts.