Uterine Path
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13 Terms
other names for fibroids
myomas
fibromyomas
leiomyomas
fibroids
benign muscular tumors
occur in 20% women
most common tumor of female pelvis
increased prevalence of fibroids in…
black women (3x)
older women
perimenopasual women
obese women
diabteic women
fibroid gross pathology
well-circumscribed
rounded
solid
non-encapsulated
whorling tissue pattern
US appearance fibroids
well-circumscribed
hypoechoic mass
increased attentuation w/in mass
calcifications w/in mass
distortion of normal uterine contour
extrinsic compression of posterior bladder wall
fibroid symptoms
abnormal uterine bleedings
palpable mass
sensation of pelvic pressure'
pain
frequent urination
pain during sex
anemia
fibroid types
pedunculated- arising from stalk
intramural-interstitial location in myometirum
submucosal/subserosal- beneath outer serosal layer
interfilamentous- w/in broad ligament
cervical- w/in cervix
exophytic- growing out & away from uterus
which fibroid is most likely to cause torsion
pedunculated due to stalk getting twisted
adenomyosis
benign diffuse disease
infiltration of endometrial glands into myometrium
considered variant of endometriosis
adenomyosis symptoms
secondary dysmenorrhea- pain during menstruation due to secondary condition
menorrhagia- abnormal/heavy bleeding
midline dyspareunia- painful sex
enlarged uterus
adenomyosis on US
asymmetrical, enlarged uterus
focal or diffuse bulkiness
heterogenous myometrial echotexture
anechoic areas representing myometrial cysts
increased vascularity in heterogenous tissue areas
nsbothian cysts
inclusion cysts in the cervix from obstruction of an endocervical gland
form when skin cells clog glands in cervix
common & don’t require any treatment
leiomyosarcoma
rare, malignant relative of benign fibroids
irregular bleeding, pelvic pain, palpable uterine mass
large, heterogenous, hypoechoic mass
high velocity, low resistance waveform
indistinguishable from benign fibroid
other than biopsy, only differentiation is rapid growth shown on serial exams