AP PSYCH Mods 78-80

Aggression

Any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotionally

Frustration-Aggression Principle

the principle that frustration—the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal—creates anger, which can generate aggression

Social Script

a culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations

Mere Exposure Effect

the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them

Passionate Love

an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a romantic relationship

Companionate Love

The deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined

Equity

A condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it

Self-Disclosure

the act of revealing intimate aspects of ourselves to others

Altruism

Unselfish regard for the welfare of other

Bystander Effect

The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present

Social Exchange Theory

the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Reciprocity Norm

an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them

Social-Responsibility Norm

an expectation that people will help those needing their help

Conflict

a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas

Social Trap

a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each pursuing their self-interest rather than the good of the group, become caught in mutually destructive behavior

Mirror-Image Perceptions

mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

a belief that leads to its own fulfillment

Superordinate Goals

shared goals that override difference among people and require their cooperation

GRIT

a strategy designed to decrease international tensions