CSDS 110 Practical Assignment

Alternate- or parallel-form reliability

consistency of test results between different tests, testing the same skills in different manners or orders.

Assessment

evaluation of someone’s skill, level, or performance

Basal level

the entry level, or baseline.

Ceiling level

the highest consistent level, peak of ability

Concurrent validity

proving validity by comparing the answers of two reliable tests that focus on the same feature

Confidentiality

keeping clients information private, HIPPA protects clients information

Construct validity

how well the test is measuring what it is purported to measure

Content validity

how well a test covers all information pertaining to it’s target

Criterion validity

how accurately a test measures the outcome it was designed to measure

Diadochokinetic tasks

assesses the child’s production of rapidly alternating speech sounds

Diagnosis in Speech-Language Pathology

the measurement of abilities in speech and language. Including insight into specific disorders of language or speech, disabilities, and medical conditions

Equivalent scores

a type of test score that compares a student’s performance to the average performance of students at other grade levels

Evaluation

a comprehensive assessment conducted by a multidisciplinary team to address all areas of suspected disability. It includes evaluating educational and behavioral concerns to determine a child’s eligibility for services

Interobserver reliability

statistical measure of how much agreement between observers assessing the same patient

Intrajudge reliability

how consistently a judge can measure a phenomenon over time

Normal distribution of scores

on a graph, scores fall into a bell shaped curve. Distribution is equal, the mean, median, and mode are all equal

Norm-referenced

student’s performance and scores are compared to a larger group, typically at a national level

Orofacial examination

examination of muscles of the face, mouth, tongue. Focusing on movement of the tongue, control of muscles, and overall appearance, and how it relates to the performance of speech

Percentiles

number value in statistics that indicates level in terms of 100s of people

Predictive validity

measure of how well a test or scale can predict a future outcome or score on another measure

Questionnaires and developmental inventories

tools SLP’s use to measure development, through behavior, language, emotions, thinking, and movement

Raw score

the initial score or measurement of a test

Reliability

performing consistently through multiple trials

Screening assessment

the process for evaluating the possible presence of a singular problem

Split half reliability

measures the reliability of a test by dividing it in half and measuring the correlation between each half’s scores

Standard deviation

-Represents the extent to which an individual's score deviates away from the mean

-Scores that fall below 1.5 to 2 standard deviations from the mean are considered clinically significant

Standard scores

-Represent the degree to which a child's score deviates from the mean

-2 common types: Z score and T score

Standardization

means that a test is administered and scored in a consistent manner, so that all test takers are subject to the same expectations

Stanine

-Based on a nine-unit scale with a mean of 5 and the standard deviation that approximates 2

-Score only ranges from 1 to 9 and all raw scores are converted to one of the single digits within that range

Stimulability

responsiveness to treatment, a good prognostic indicator

Test-retest reliability

a measure of how consistent scores are when a Standardized test is given to the same group of people multiple times

Validity

-Does the test measure what it is designed to measure?

-5 types of Validity: Content, construct, criterion, concurrent, predictive.

summary set up

• Estimate level of severity

• State diagnosis if appropriate

• Provide characteristics of the given diagnosis

Example: “Overall, the test results and observations described above revealed a ____ characterized by _____

Prognosis set up

Prognostic statement is based on your observation:

– Area of improvement

– Judgement of improvement

– Judgement of client motivation

– Judgement of family support

– Client stimulability

Example: “The prognosis for improved ___ with therapy, is ___based on ___

recommendations set up

1. Treatment recommendations (type, frequency, etc.)

2. Therapy goals

3. Areas where more assessment is needed

4. Referrals to other professionals or services

It is recommended that XXXXX receive treatment for his speech and language disorders. Therapy is recommended in 35-50 minute sessions, twice a week. Therapy goals should include, but not be limited to:

1. Improved expressive language skills

2. Improved receptive language skills

3. Improved production of speech sounds and increased intelligibility