Mod 4: 🧪Chapter 11 Read Along Q&A

Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?

denial

Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism?

Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.

________ theorists attempt to explain our personality by identifying our stable characteristics and ways of behaving.

Trait

Who suggested that men have womb envy because they cannot give birth?

Karen Horney

Sally really loves being outdoors. She likes to hike, do yoga in the warm sun, and go for long camping trips. She and her wife move to Arizona from New York so that they can enjoy these activities in warmer weather for most of the year. This process of moving to an area that is most suited for one’s personality tendencies is called selective ________.

migration

Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive.

id

According to Freud’s psychosexual theory of personality, the ________ stage involves a sexual reawakening as the incestuous urges resurface. The young person redirects these urges to other, more socially acceptable partners (who often resemble the other-sex parent).

genital

Galen used the terms calm, reliable, and thoughtful to describe a ________ person.

phlegmatic

________ is a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar.

Congruence

According to Galen, the ________ person is passionate, ambitious, and bold.

choleric

Of the following options, which is not one of the temperaments first proposed by Thomas and Chess (1977)?

the secure baby

Many cultures have stories about a hero who goes on a quest, such as Hercules, King Arthur, and Gilgamesh. What would Carl Jung say this exemplified?

archetypes

Jessica believes that she succeeds in high school because she works hard, earned a place on the basketball team because she practices constantly, and cooks well because she takes cooking classes. Julian Rotter would say that Jessica has ________.

an internal locus of control

The ________ uses images and storytelling that relate to minority cultures.

TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

What was responsible for the development of the indigenous model of studying the cultural context of personality?

the dominance of Western approaches to studying personality in non-Western cultures

Max’s behavior and self-presentation is relaxed and informal with his friends. When he goes on a job interview he projects professionalism and formality with his attire and language. What would Carl Jung suggest about Max?

Max adopted a professional persona for his job interview.

What is the main difference between Sigmund Freud and the neo-Freudians?

Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex.

In the HEXACO model of personality traits, to what does the “X” refer?

extraversion

What was the main idea behind Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development?

An individual’s personality develops throughout the lifespan.

Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, “my smother” instead of “my mother.” What does this exemplify?

Freudian slip