Hormones (source, roles, effects)

Adrenaline

Secreted by the adrenal glands.

Prepare body for ‘fight or flight’ response

Increase heart rate and breathing rate

Insulin

Secreted by pancreas

Lower blood glucose levels

Converts glucose to glycogen for storage in muscles / liver

Testosterone

Secreted by testes

Main sex hormone in males

Produced secondary sexual characteristics (hair growth, deeper voice)

Progesterone

Secreted by ovaries

Maintains pregnancy

Maintain uterus lining, so that fertilised egg can implant

Oestrogen

Secreted by ovaries

Main sex hormone for females

Produces secondary sexual characteristics (e.g. breasts developing) and builds up uterus lining.

ADH

Secreted by pituitary gland

Regulates water content in the body

Increases permeability of collecting duct to absorb more water into blood

FSH

Secreted by pituitary gland

Causes ovary to develop into a mature egg

Stimulates egg development in the ovary and the release of oestrogen

LH

Secreted by pituitary gland.

Causes ovary to release mature eggs.

Stimulates the release of egg cell and release of progesterone