RBT Exam

What is continuous measurement

Measuring every instance of behavior. Includes frequency rate, duration, latency, and inter response time

What is frequency

How many times a behavior occurs during an observation period

What is rate

How many times a behavior occurs per unit of time

What is duration

How long behavior lasts from onset to offset

What is latency

The time between the SD or demand and the start of the response

What is inter response time, IRT?

The time between two instances of the same behavior

What is discontinuous measurement

Measurement where behavior is recorded only during specific intervals, not continuously

What is whole interval recording

Behavior must occur for the entire interval to be recorded

What is partial interval recording

Behavior is recorded if it occurs at any time during the interval

What is momentary time sampling

Recording whether the behavior occurring at one specific moment when the timer goes off

What is permanent product recording

Measuring behavior by recording the outcome left behind as proof the behavior occurred.

What does entering data and updating graphs involve

Accurately recording data and visually updating graphs to reflect behavior trends for data based decision making.

What is a preference assessment

An assessment used to determine potential reinforcers

What is a free operant preference assessment

Allowing the client to freely interact with items and observing what they gravitate toward,

What is single preference assessment

Presenting one item at a time and observing engagement

What is paired stimulus preference assessment

Presenting two items at a time and prompting the client to choose

What is multiple stimulus with replacement, MSW

Presenting 5 to 7 replacing the chosen item back into the array each trail.

What is multiple stimulus without replacement, MSWO

Presenting 5 to 7 items, removing chosen items each trail so the array gets smaller

What is ABC data

Recording antecedent, behavior, and consequence to determine function

What is an antecedent

What happens before the behavior

What is behavior

The observable and measurable response

What is a consequence

What happens after the behavior

What is discrete trail teaching, DTT

Structured teaching with clear SD, response, consequence, and data collection.

What is naturalistic teaching

Teaching in natural environments using the child motivation such as incidental teaching.

What is chaining?

Breaking a complex skill into smaller steps using task analysis

What is forward chaining

Client completes the first step independently, then promoted through remaining steps.

What is backward chaining

Therapist prompts all steps except the last step, which the client completes independently

What is total task chaining

Client attempts all steps, therapist prompts as needed.

What is shaping

Reinforcing successive approximations toward the target behavior

What is discrimination training

Teaching a client to respond differently to different stimuli

What is stimulus control transfer

Transferring control from prompts to the natural SD

What is a prompt

A supplemental antecedent stimulus used to evoke the correct response

What is prompt fading

Systematically reducing prompts to promote independence and avoid prompt dependency

What is a token system

A reinforcement system where tokens are earned and exchanged for backup reinforcers

What are crisis or emergency procedures

Following protocol to ensure safety during dangerous behaviors.

What is differential reinforcement other behavior (DRO)

Reinforcing the absence of the target behavior

Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA)

Reinforcing a functional alternative behavior that serves the same functions.

What is differential reinforcement of incomparable behavior? (DRI)

Reinforcing a behavior that is physically incompatible the target behavior

What is differential reinforcement of high rates

Reinforcing high rates of a desired behavior to increase it

What is differential reinforcement of low rates

Reinforcing low rates of behavior to decrease

What is extinction

Removing all reinforcement from previously reinforced behavior to reduce it

What is a mand

A request controlled by motivation

What is a tact

A label

What is a receptive language

Following directions, hearing and responding

What is imitation

Seeing a model and copying it

What is intraverbal

Conversational responses, answering WH questions, fill in the blank.

What is positive reinforcement

Adding something to increase behavior

What is negative reinforcement

Removing something to increase behavior

What is positive punishment

Adding something to decrease behavior

What is a negative punishment

Removing something to decrease behavior

What is continuous reinforcement, CR

Reinforcing every instance of behavior, best for new skills

What is intermittent reinforcement

Reinforcing only some responses

What is fixed ratio, FR

Reinforcing after a set number of responses.

What is variable ratio, VR

Reinforcement after an average number of responses

What is a fixed interval, FI

Reinforcement for first response after a set time

What is variable interval, VI

Reinforcement for the first response after an average time

What are the four functions of behavior

Sensory, Escape, attention, tangible

What is sensory function

Behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement

What is escape function

Behavior to avoid or get out of something

What is attention function

Behavior to gain social attention

What is tangible function

Behavior to gain access to items or activities

What does generality mean

Behavior occurs across setting and people

What does effective mean

Intervention producers meaningful change

What does technological mean

Procedures are clearly written so others can replicate them.

What does analytic mean

Data show a functional relationship

What does conceptually systematic mean

Procedures are based on ABA principles

What does applied mean

Targets socially significant behavior

What does behavioral mean

Behavior is observable and measurable passes the Dead Man’s test

What should session notes include

Objective description of what occurred, behaviors, interventions, and data.

How do you maintain professional boundaries

Avoid dual relationships, do not accept large gifts, keep relationships professional.

What are supervision requirements for RBTs

Ongoing supervision by BCBA, meeting BACB supervision standards.

When should you seek clinical direction?

When unsure how to implement a produce, when behavior escalates, or when safety concerns arises.

What is an abolishing operation, AO?

An environmental change that decreases the effectiveness of a reinforcer, usually associated with satiation

What is deprivation?

Not having access to something often enough, which increases its effectiveness as a reinforcer.

What is acquisition?

A target skill that is currently being taught and has not yet been mastered.

What are antecedent interventions?

Strategies that modify environmental factors before behavior occurs to reduce triggers and encourage appropriate behavior

What is a Behavior Intervention Plan, BIP?

A written plan based on the function of behavior that outlines antecedent strategies, replacement behaviors, and intervention procedures.

What is Behavior Skills Training, BST?

A teaching procedure involving instruction, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback.

What is a discrete trial?

A structured teaching opportunity controlled by the therapist where correct responses are reinforced.

What is discrimination training?

Teaching a person to respond differently in the presence of different stimuli.

What is a discriminative stimulus, SD?

A cue or instruction signaling reinforcement is available for a certain response.

What is a dual relationship?

A situation where a therapist has multiple roles with a client or family, which can be unethical.

What is echoic behavior?

Verbal imitation or repeating what another person says

What does ECTER stand for in error correction?

Error, Correction, Transfer, Expand, Return

What is an example of error in error correction

Child touches car when prompted to touch bike

What is an example of correction in error correction

Represent the Sd with prompt

What is an example of transfer in error correction

represent the Sd without a prompt

What is an example of expand in error correction

Place easy/mastered demands

What is an example of return in error correction

Return to Sd of incorrect response “touch bike” reinforcement is provided for correct response.

What is errorless teaching

Promoting immediately after the SD so the learner does not have a chance to make an error

What is an establishing operation, EO

An environmental event that increase the effectiveness of a reinforcer

What are ethics in ABA

Professional rules and standards established by the BCBA that RBTs must follow

What is expressive language

The ability to communicate wants,needs,ideas,and thoughts

What is an extension burst

A temporary increase in the frequency or intensity of behavior when extinction begins

When is a functional behavioral assessment, FBA

A process used to identify the function of behavior and create interventions

What is a functional analysis, FA

A type of assessment where the environment is manipulated to determine the function of behavior

What is a functional relationship

A relationship showing behavior changes because of environment variables

What is generalization

When a learned behavior occurs across different settings, people, or times

What is HIPPA

A federal law protecting the confidentiality and security of health information

What is instructional control

Building a history of reinforcement for following instructions and cooperating with the therapist.