TV news

reports of recent events that appear on television

TV news is referred to …

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Newsworthiness - has … factors that can make a piece of information newsworthy

Negativity

involved in negativity are a number of concepts such as damage, injury or death, which makes disasters and accidents newsworthy.

In deed, the ultimate in conflicts news, war reporting, is one of the earliest historical forms of news and a stimulus for the growth of news media.

Deviance

trong phần Negativity, is another negative characteristic with proven news interest

Recency

means that the best news is sth which has only just happened.

It is related to ‘s concept of Frequency - how well a story conforms to news work cycle

The day

is the basic news cycle for the press and principle television and radio news programmes
→ events whose duration or occurrence fits into 24-hour span are more likely to be reported

an hourly cycle

staple radio news work on

Proximity

means quite simple that geographical closeness can enhance news value. The minor accident is reportable only in the settlement where it happens. not a hundred miles away.

Consonance

Sự phù hợp với kỳ vọng/ định kiến - of a story is its compatibility with preconceptions about the social group or nation from which the news actors come

Unambiguity

Tính rõ ràng, ko mơ hồ - indicates that the more clear-cut the story is, the more it is favoured. Ifs, buts and maybes are minimal. The facts are clear, the sources impeccable (hoàn hảo).

Unexpectedness

means that unpredictable or rare is more newsworthy than the routine. Closely related is Novelty.

Superlativeness

says that the biggest building, the most violent crime, the most destructive fire gets covered

Relevance

is the effect on the audience’s own lives or closeness to their experience. Achieving … for a story causes much head-scratching and labour in newsrooms. … needs not be the same as proximity. (many decisions relevant to Saigon are made in Hanoi)

Personalization

indicates that sth which can be pictured in personal terms is more newsworthy than a concept, a process, the generalized or the mass.

Eliteness

of the news actors plays an important role in news decision. Reference to elite persons such as politicians or film stars can make news out of sth which would be ignored about ordinary people.

The quality of Attribution - the … of a story’s sources - can be crucial in its news chances. Highly valued news sources need to be elite on some dimension, particularly socially validated authority. The unaffiliated individual is not well regarded as a source.

Facticity

is the degree to which a story contains the kinds of facts and figures on which hard news (tin tức thời sự) thrives: locations, names, sums of money, numbers of all kinds.

Objectively transmit information

Language in TV news
use neutral and objective language

→ clear, understandable and standard in character.

→ abandon linguistic features (ads)

Reading out institutionally pre-produced language

pronunciation in tv news

→ limit conversational spontaneity + require the reader’s full concentration on the act of reading.

→ avoid dialects and strong regional accents

Structure

most is simple sentence

Reduced traceability

the more structurally complex → longer spoken sentence → higher is the processing effort → higher is the risk of …

Active voice

is mainly used in Tv news to add drama. However, sometime passive voice can make the report sound more formal

up-to-date verb tense

→ immediacy

→ use present tense or the tense nearest to the present.

Continuous tense to tell your listener that a thing is still happening, as they listen.

Word choice

1. an absence of colloquial, informal language

2. reduced subjectivity → reduced emotionality → reduced affective language

3. Tabloidization is linguistic emotionalization → emotionally moves the audience and by means of this is entertaining

4. the absence of an expression of personal viewpoints and opinions → the absence of speakers’ modality (tư cách)

5. Use synonyms → bớt nhàm chán thay vì cứ repeat mãi 1 từ

6. Avoid using unfamiliar words (ko là họ sẽ cannot retrieve any words they have missed)

7. Repeating important words cuz audience may be half-listening → trigger their attention

Information density

should not try to get too much information into any sentence

should 1 or 2 concept ideas/key points per sentence

< hoặc = 20 words per sen

→ inf can be digested