Drugs of A for comlex

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Last updated 2:34 AM on 6/17/26

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11 Terms

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lsd

visual hallucinations, flashbacks, delusions
lights, sounds, dreams

<p>visual hallucinations, flashbacks, delusions<br>lights, sounds, dreams</p>

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Alcohol

MOA: GABA agonist, glutamate antagonist (so overall depression)

Intoxication: Slurred speech, ataxia, emotional lability, disinhibtion
Withdrawal:

Early (6-24 hrs)= tremors, insomnia, GI upset

Second (6-48 hrs) = seizures

Hours (12-48 hrs) = hallucinosis (tactile or visual)

Days (2-4 days) = delirium tremens (autonomic instability, seizures, tachycardia)

Associations: cirrhosis, wernicke korsakoff, pancreatitis, beri beri, dilated cardiomyopathy, cerebellar degenderation, gastritis, marchiafaca-bignami disease (corpus callosum degeneration due to low vitamin b levels)

<p>MOA: GABA agonist, glutamate antagonist (so overall depression)<br><br>Intoxication: Slurred speech, ataxia, emotional lability, disinhibtion<br>Withdrawal:<br><br>Early (6-24 hrs)= tremors, insomnia, GI upset<br><br><strong>S</strong>econd (6-48 hrs) = <strong>s</strong>eizures<br><br><strong>H</strong>ours (12-48 hrs) = <strong>h</strong>allucinosis (tactile or visual)<br><br><strong>D</strong>ays (2-4 days) = <strong>d</strong>elirium tremens (autonomic instability, seizures, tachycardia)<br><br>Associations: cirrhosis, wernicke korsakoff, pancreatitis, beri beri, dilated cardiomyopathy, cerebellar degenderation, gastritis, marchiafaca-bignami disease (corpus callosum degeneration due to low vitamin b levels)</p>

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Opioids

MOA: Mu, Kappa, and delta-opioid receptor agonists

Intoxication: euphoria, CNS/respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, decreased gag reflex

Withdrawal: Dilated pupils, lacrimation, N/V/D, goose flesh, yawning, sweating

Associations: hepatitis, abscesses, right sided endocarditis (FROM JANE), HIV/AIDS, overdose

Overdose = Opioid OOOOOOOs (yawning)

<p>MOA: Mu, Kappa, and delta-opioid receptor agonists<br><br>Intoxication: euphoria, CNS/respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, decreased gag reflex<br><br>Withdrawal: Dilated pupils, lacrimation, N/V/D, goose flesh, yawning, sweating<br><br>Associations: hepatitis, abscesses, right sided endocarditis (FROM JANE), HIV/AIDS, overdose<br><br>Overdose = Opioid OOOOOOOs (yawning)</p>

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Benzodiazepines/barbiturates

MOA: GABA modulators

Intoxication: ataxia, mild respiratory depression, somnolence

Withdrawal: Insomnia, anxiety, seizures

benzos reversed w/ flumazenil

Benzos increase the frequency of chloride channel opening (Ben wants it more often)
Barbiturates increase the duration of chloride channel opening (Barb wants it to last longer)

Ben is calm but rebounds hard

<p>MOA: GABA modulators<br><br>Intoxication: ataxia, mild respiratory depression, somnolence<br><br>Withdrawal: Insomnia, anxiety, seizures<br><br>benzos reversed w/ flumazenil<br><br>Benzos increase the frequency of chloride channel opening (Ben wants it more often)<br>Barbiturates increase the duration of chloride channel opening (Barb wants it to last longer)<br> <br>Ben is calm but rebounds hard</p>

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Cocaine

MOA: blocks reuptake of monoamines (5HT, NE, DA)

Intoxication: Pupil dilation, agitation, euphoria, tactile hallucinations, alertness, arousal

Withdrawal: Sleepiness, hunger, depression

Associations: Nasal septum perforation, cocaine induced cardiomyopathy, paranoid, drug induced depression, renal tubular necrosis, rhabdomyolysis

<p>MOA: blocks reuptake of monoamines (5HT, NE, DA)<br><br>Intoxication: Pupil dilation, agitation, euphoria, tactile hallucinations, alertness, arousal<br><br>Withdrawal: Sleepiness, hunger, depression<br><br>Associations: Nasal septum perforation, cocaine induced cardiomyopathy, paranoid, drug induced depression, renal tubular necrosis, rhabdomyolysis</p>

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Methamphetamine

MOA: enhances release of monoamines (5HT, NE, DA)

Intoxication: pupil dilation, agitation, euphoria, tactile hallucinations, alertness, arousal, wakefulness

Withdrawal: Sleepiness, hunger, depression

Associations: Meth mouth

<p>MOA: enhances release of monoamines (5HT, NE, DA)<br><br>Intoxication: pupil dilation, agitation, euphoria, tactile hallucinations, alertness, arousal, wakefulness<br><br>Withdrawal: Sleepiness, hunger, depression<br><br>Associations: Meth mouth</p>

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Phencyclidine (PCP)

MOA: NMDA receptor antagonist

Intoxication: violence/aggression, analgesia, psychosis

Withdrawal: Insomnia, mood disturbance

Associations: rotatory nystagmus

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MDMA (aka ecstasy)

MOA: Blocks reuptake of 5HT and DA

Intoxication: hallucinations, euphoria, disinhibition, bruxism, altered sense of time, altered sensation

Withdrawal: Anxiety, concentration difficulties, depression

Associations: serotonin syndrome, bruxism, hyponatremia/thrist/seizures (just like SSRIs can causes SIADH), hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (reexperiencing the intoxication due to the body’s storage of the excess drug)

<p>MOA: Blocks reuptake of 5HT and DA<br><br>Intoxication: hallucinations, euphoria, disinhibition, bruxism, altered sense of time, altered sensation<br><br>Withdrawal: Anxiety, concentration difficulties, depression<br><br>Associations: serotonin syndrome, bruxism, hyponatremia/thrist/seizures (just like SSRIs can causes SIADH), hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (reexperiencing the intoxication due to the body’s storage of the excess drug)</p>

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Marijuana

MOA: Stimulates endocannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors

Intoxication: calmness, altered judgement, slowed rxn time, munchies, conjunctival injection

Withdrawal: decreased appetite, insomnia, irritability

Associations: psychosis, paranoid, cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (excess vomiting resolves when you shower or apply heat)

<p>MOA: Stimulates endocannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors<br><br>Intoxication: calmness, altered judgement, slowed rxn time, munchies, conjunctival injection<br><br>Withdrawal: decreased appetite, insomnia, irritability<br><br>Associations: psychosis, paranoid, cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (excess vomiting resolves when you shower or apply heat)</p>

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Butane/paint

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Whats the #1 rule?

The withdrawal is the opposite of the intoxication!!