7ADV Math Final Exam Review

A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key geometry, probability, and statistics concepts for the 7ADV final exam, including angle relationships, three-dimensional measurements, and data analysis.

Vertical Angles

Angles formed by two intersecting lines that share a vertex but do not share a side.

Adjacent Angles

Angles that share a common vertex and a common side but do not overlap.

Complementary Angles

Two angles whose measures have a sum of $90^{\circ}$.

Supplementary Angles

Two angles whose measures have a sum of $180^{\circ}$.

Scale Drawing

A drawing of a real object with dimensions that are proportional to the actual size of the object.

Scale

A ratio that compares the dimensions in a scale drawing to the actual dimensions of the object, such as $1\,cm = 12\,km$.

Surface Area

The total area of all the faces of a three-dimensional solid, such as a rectangular or triangular prism.

Triangular Prism

A three-dimensional solid with two parallel triangular bases and three rectangular lateral faces.

Rectangular Prism

A three-dimensional solid with six rectangular faces where opposite faces are parallel and congruent.

Volume

The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object, measured in cubic units like $cm^3$ or $m^3$.

Pyramid

A three-dimensional solid with a polygon base and triangular lateral faces that meet at a single vertex.

Composite Figures

Figures made by combining two or more common geometric solids, such as a prism and a pyramid.

Likelihood

The description of the chance of an event occurring, ranging from impossible, unlikely, equally likely to happen as not to happen, likely, to certain.

Relative Frequency

The ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the total number of trials or observations.

Experimental Probability

A probability based on the results of an experiment or collected data rather than theoretical outcomes.

Theoretical Probability

The ratio of the number of favorable outcomes to the total number of possible outcomes in a sample space where all outcomes are equally likely.

Sample Space

The set of all possible outcomes for an experiment or activity.

Complementary Event

The set of all outcomes in a sample space that are not included in a specific event, where the sum of their probabilities is $1$.

Compound Event

An event that consists of two or more simple events occurring together.

Simulation

A model used to replicate a simple or compound event to find the experimental probability without performing the actual event.

Unbiased Sample

A sample that is representative of the whole population and is selected in a way that gives every member an equal chance of being chosen.

Biased Sample

A sample that does not accurately represent the population, often because it is selected through convenience or voluntary response.

Convenience Sample

A biased sampling method where individuals are chosen because they are easy to reach or readily available.

Voluntary Response Sample

A biased sampling method consisting of people who choose themselves to respond to a general invitation.

Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD)

The average distance between each data value and the mean of the data set, used as a measure of variability.

Interquartile Range (IQR)

A measure of variation representing the difference between the upper quartile ($Q_3$) and the lower quartile ($Q_1$).

Measures of Center

Statistical values like the mean and median that describe the center or typical value of a data set.

Measures of Spread

Statistical values like the range, IQR, and MAD that describe how distributed or varied the data values are.

Visual Overlap

The amount of common area shared by two data distributions, used to infer if the difference between population means is significant.

Measures of Variability Apart

The ratio of the difference between the means of two samples to the mean absolute deviation (MAD).