LAST Patient Care Theory Exam

lectures: orthopedic nursing, leadership/management/change theory, patient education, rehab pt 1 & pt 2

what forms bones?

osteoblasts

what destroys and demineralizes bone?

osteoclasts

what kind of fracture is when pieces of bone poke through the skin?

open (compound)

what scan is used to detect osteoporosis?

bone scan

what is a surgical procedure where the joint is looked at with a mini camera?

arthroscopy

what is used to detect bone and soft tissue tumors?

CT scan

what is the phase of bone healing when immature bone is replaced by strong bone?

remodeling phase

what is the phase of bone healing when a soft callus forms?

reparative phase

what kind of bone fractures are more commonly associated with fat embolisms?

long bones

what are 75% of acute compartment syndrome cases caused by?

fractures

what is poikilothermia?

cool skin

what are two things you SHOULD NOT DO for compartment syndrome?

elevate above the heart and apply ice

what kind of procedure needs to be done for a compartment syndrome?

fasciotomy

what is an infectious bone disease?

osteomyelitis

what is primary osteoporosis caused by?

being postmenopausal

what is secondary osteoporosis caused by?

decrease in estrogen

what is arthritis?

an inflammatory joint disease

what syndrome is caused by uric acid in the blood/body fluids?

gout

what is used for skeletal traction?

screws and wires

what is used for skin traction?

a harness or boot

what relieves pressure on the spinal cord or nerves?

laminectomy

what are some important considerations for patients?

culture, health literacy, online access

what is the behavioral learning theory?

things you need to change/actions you need to take

what is constructive learning theory?

coming to conclusions through your experiences

what is an aspect of the humanism learning theory?

whole person

what is an aspect of the social learning theory?

learning from watching people

what are the 5 rights of patient teaching?

time, context, goal, content, method

what are factors of affective learning?

feelings, beliefs, attitudes

which is comprised of a journey and there’s a goal?

leadership

what is comprised of a destination and performance?

management

what leadership style is about control and speed?

authoritarian

what leadership style is about collaboration and satisfaction?

democratic

what leadership style is about independence?

laissez-faire

what leadership style si about structure and consistency?

transactional

what leadership style si about innovation and engagement?

transformational

what leadership style is about trust and team development

servant

what is a bone density x-ray used for?

to diagnose osteoporosis

what is a bone scan used for?

to diagnose bone disease/tumors

what is it called when someone’s ability is less than required care?

self-care deficit

what are soem goals of rehabilitation?

independence and fucntion

autonomic dysreflexia is common in patients with what kind of injury?

spinal cord

what complications can acetaminophen cause?

liver issues

what complicatiosn can ibuprofen cause?

GI bleeding

what complications can morphine, dilaudid, and norco cause?

respiratory depression

what is the antidote for opioids?

naloxone

what is the antidote for benzos?

flumazenil

what does an anxiolytic do?

treats anxiety

what is a common anxiolytic?

ativan

what does an assistive device do?

helps a person with a disability perform a given task

what helps osmeone with a disability adapt or modify their environment?

adaptive device