Exam 5 bio ch 33

what are sponges

basal animals that lack tissues

what are porifera

simplest animals, sponges, filter feeders, choanocytes and amoebocytes, hermaphrodites, collar

what are cnidarians

ancient phylum of eumetazoans, oldest group, diploblastic/radial, single opening, sac with digestive compartment gastrovascular cavity, non centralized nerve net

difference between cnidaria polyp and medusa

polyp mouth and anus is at top, medusa mouth and anus on bottom

what are cnidocytes

defense and capture of prey

what are nematocysts

eject stinging thread

what are lophotrochozoans

widest range of animal body forms, triploblastic, coelom and digestive tract with two openings

what are platyhelminthes

lophotrochozoans, flatworms, parasites, acoelomates, proteonphridia, dosoventrally flattened

what are syndermata

lophotrochozoan, tiny multicellular animals, jaws called trophi, parthenogenesis (unfertilized eggs) , CROWN OF CILIA AROUND MOUTH

what are lophophorates

ectoprocts: hard exoskeleton, creeping bryozoan
brachiopods: dorsal and ventral sides, lampshell

what are mollusca

soft-bodied amimals, protected by CaCO3 shell, muscular foot, visceral mass and mantle

4 major classes of molluscs

polyplacophora: chitons
bivalvia: clams, oysters, mussels, scallops
gastropoda: snails and slugs
cephalopoda: squids, octopuses, chambered nautiluses

what are cephalopoda

beak like jaws surrounded by tentacles, food is modified into tentacles with a reduced and internal shell - octopus #smart

what are annelida

lophotrochozoan, errantia: mobile marine predators with a pair of paddle-like structures called parapodia

what are sedentarians

burrow into the substrate

what is the clade ecdysozoa

animals that shed a cuticle

what are nematodes

ecdysozoa, body wall muscles are longitudinal, some sps are impornat parasites of plants and animals, C. Elegans soil menatode

what are arthropoda

ecdysozoa, cambrian explosion, segmented body, hard exoskeleton, jointed appendages, first to colonize land

what are three major lineages of arthropods

chelicerates: scorpions, spiders, horseshoe crabs, ticks, mites
myriapods: centipedes and millipedes
pancrustaceans: insects, lobsters, shrimp

what are chelicerates

arachnids, chelicerae, six pairs of appendages

what are pancrustacea

insects and crustaceans, decapods, relatively large

what are hexapods

pancrustacea who undergo metamorphosis

what is incomplete v. complete metamorphosis

incomplete: 3 (egg nymphy adult)
complete: 4 distinct stages (egg, larve, pupa, adult)

what clade do echinoderms and chordates belong to

deuterostomes

what are characteristics of deuterostomes

radial cleavage, formation of anus from blastopore

what are characteristics of echinoderms

a thin epidermis covering endoskeleton of hard calcareous plates, unique water vascular system, radial symmetry

what are characteristics of chordates

bilaterally symmetrical coelomates with segmented bodies