18 - Nail Pathology

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Last updated 3:47 PM on 4/20/26
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10 Terms

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Paronychia

superficial infection of the proximal and lateral nail folds

<p>superficial infection of the proximal and lateral nail folds</p>
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Clubbing

- bulbous swelling of soft tissue at the nail base

- angle between nail and proximal fold increases

- nail bed feels like its floating (spongy)

<p>- bulbous swelling of soft tissue at the nail base</p><p>- angle between nail and proximal fold increases</p><p>- nail bed feels like its floating (spongy)</p>
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What causes clubbing?

- congenital heart disease

- interstitial lung disease

- lung cancer

- IBS

- malignancies

- inherited autosomal dominant trait

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Habit Tic Deformity

Depression of central nail resulting from repetitive trauma, "Christmas tree" appearance

<p>Depression of central nail resulting from repetitive trauma, "Christmas tree" appearance</p>
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Melanonychia

- increased pigmentation of the nail bed, may be normal if found in multiple nails

- thin streak may be due to nevi

- larger streak considered subungual melanoma

<p>- increased pigmentation of the nail bed, may be normal if found in multiple nails</p><p>- thin streak may be due to nevi</p><p>- larger streak considered subungual melanoma</p>
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Onychomycosis

fungal infection, nail thickening and subungual debris

<p>fungal infection, nail thickening and subungual debris</p>
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Pitting

depressions of nail plate caused by a defective proximal nail matrix

<p>depressions of nail plate caused by a defective proximal nail matrix</p>
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When is pitting most commonly seen?

- PSORIASIS

- Rieter syndrome

- sarcoidosis

- alopecia areata

- atopic or chemical dermatitis

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Beau Lines

transverse depressions in the nail plates, usually bilaterally

<p>transverse depressions in the nail plates, usually bilaterally</p>
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What do Beau Lines result from?

temporary disruption of proximal nail growth from systemic illness