MOR345 RESTORATIVE ART FINAL EXAM REVIEW

Abrasion

Antemortem injury resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis.

Abscess

A localized accumulation of pus surrounded by inflammatory tissue.

Absorption

The process of taking in, as in a colored object that absorbs certain rays of light and reflects other rays giving the object its recognizable color (e.g. an apple is called red if the red rays are reflected and the other rays of light are absorbed).

Abut

To bluntly adjoin another structure; for example, the line of eye closure.

Acetone

Dimethyl ketone; a colorless liquid that is used to soften and remove scabs; a solvent for restorative wax; or as a stain remover.

Achromatic color

A color not found in the visible spectrum; a neutral color such as white, black, gray, and silver and gold (for decorative purposes).

Acquired facial markings

Facial markings that develop during one’s lifetime, primarily as a result of repetitious use of certain muscles.

Additive method

A process of mixing colored lights on a surface on which the wave lengths of each are combined; adding two or more colored lights together to create another color of light.

Adhesive

Sticking or adhering closely; a substance that may be applied in order to sustain contact of two surfaces.

Aerosol

A colloidal solution dispensed as a mist.

After-image

Psychological; visual impression remaining after the stimulus has been removed.

Airbrush

A pressured atomizer used for spraying liquid paint or cosmetic upon a surface.

Alveolar process

A bony ridge found on the inferior surface of the maxilla and the superior surface of the mandible that contains the sockets for the teeth.

Alveolar prognathism

An abnormal protrusion of the alveolar process(es); sockets of the teeth protrude.

Analogous

In color harmony, two or more hues that have the same hue in common.

Angle of the mandible

A bony angle formed by the junction of the posterior edge of the ramus of the mandible and the inferior surface of the body of the mandible; marks widest part of the lower 1/3 of the face.

Angulus oris eminence

The small convex prominence found lateral to the end of the line of closure of the mouth; a natural facial marking.

Angulus oris sulcus

The groove found at each end of the line of closure of the mouth; a natural facial marking.

Anterior

Before or in front of; anatomical term of position and direction denoting the front or forward part.

Anterior nares

The external openings of the nostrils.

Antihelix

Inner rim of the ear.

Anti-tragus

Small eminence obliquely opposite the tragus, located on the superior border of the lobe of the ear.

Aquiline

Curved, as the beak of an eagle; as viewed from the profile, a nasal profile that exhibits a "hook" or convexity in its dorsum; also known as Roman.

Arch of the wing

The inferior margin of the nasal wing that forms a distinct concave arc superiorly.

Armature

A framework; a material, commonly of pliable metal or wood, employed to provide support for a wax restoration.

Aspiration

To draw out liquids or gases by means of suction.

Asymmetry

Lack of symmetry, balance, or proportion.

Base

(1) In cosmetology, the vehicle in a cosmetic (oil base); the initial application of cream or cosmetic. (2) The lower part of anything, the supporting part.

Basic pigment

One of the four hues corresponding to the pigments of the skin as white, yellow, red, and brown.

Basket-weave suture

A network of stitches that crosses the borders of a cavity or excision, used to anchor fillers and to sustain the tissues in their proper position.

Bilateral

Refers to two sides.

Bilateral differences

Dissimilarities existing in the two sides or halves of an object.

Bilateral view

An inferior or superior viewpoint that permits the comparison of the two sides or halves of an object or facial feature.

Blanch

To whiten by removing color; to make pale.

Bleaching

The act of lightening a discoloration by hypodermic means or by surface compress.

Bleaching agent

A chemical used to lighten a skin discoloration (e.g. phenol).

Body of the mandible

The horizontal portion of the lower jaw.

Bridge

A raised support; the arched portion of the nose that is supported by the nasal bones; or a structure or span connecting two parts of a mutilated bone.

Bridge stitch (Interrupted suture)

A temporary suture consisting of individually cut and tied stitches employed to sustain the proper position of tissues.

Brilliance (Brightness)

In colored illumination, the quantity of illumination passing through a color transparency.

Buccal cavity

The space between the lips, gums, and teeth; the vestibule of the oral cavity.

Buccal depressions

Natural shallow concavities of the cheeks that extend obliquely downward from the medial or lateral margins of the cheekbones.

Buccinator

The principle muscle of the cheek that compresses the cheeks and forms the lateral wall of the mouth.

Bucco-facial sulcus

The vertical furrow of the cheek; an acquired facial marking.

Burn

To oxidize or to cause to be oxidized by fire or equivalent means; a tissue reaction or injury resulting from the application of heat, extreme cold, caustic material, radiation, friction, or electricity.

Carmine

A crimson or purplish-red color.

Carotene

The yellow pigment of the skin.

Cartilage

A specialized type of connective tissue attached to the ends of bones and forming parts of structures such as the nasal septum of the nose and the framework of the ear.

Cauterizing agent

A chemical (such as phenol) capable of drying tissues by searing; caustic.

Cement

A substance used to promote the adhesion of two separated surfaces, such as the lips or the eyelids of the margins of an incision.

Channeling

Creation of dermal and subdermal passageways through a single entry point in the tissue in order to allow for the removal of watery fluids and gases.

Charred

Reduced to carbon; the state of tissues destroyed by burning.

Chroma (Intensity)

The brightness or dullness of a color.

Chromatic color

A color having hue; a color of the visible spectrum.

Cilia

The eyelashes; singular: Cilium.

Collodion

A clear syrup-like liquid that evaporates, leaving a contractile white film; a liquid sealer.

Color

A visual sensation perceived by the eye and the mind due to the activity and vibration of light.

Color corrective

A category of concealer that neutralizes discoloration and pigmented blemishes by using opposing colors from the color wheel.

Color Rendering Index (CRI)

A measurement of light quality of a light source as compared to sunlight.

Color wheel

A circle in which the primary, secondary, and intermediate hues (colors) are arranged in orderly intervals.

Colorant

In cosmetology, a substance used to impart color to an object; dye, pigment, ink, or paint.

Colored filter

Colored glass, gelatin, or other substances that transmit light of certain wave lengths while absorbing the others.

Colored light

Illumination of an identifiable hue.

Columna nasi

The fleshy termination of the nasal septum at the base of the nose; located between the nostrils; the most inferior part of the mass of the nose.

Complements

Directly opposite colors on the color wheel; any two pigmentary hues which, by their mixture, produce gray.

Complexion

The color and texture of the skin, especially of the face.

Compound fracture

A broken bone that pierces the skin.

Compress

Gauze or absorbent cotton saturated with water or an appropriate chemical and placed under or upon tissues to preserve, bleach, dry, hydrate, constrict, or reduce swelling.

Concave

Exhibiting a depressed or hollow surface; a concavity.

Concave nasal profile

A depressed profile form that may dip concavely from root to tip (also see Retrousse and Infantine).

Concave profile

A basic facial profile form in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip (infantine, retrousse, and least common).

Concave-convex profile

A facial profile variation in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin recedes from the plane of the upper lip.

Concave-vertical profile

A facial profile variation in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the upper lip and chin project equally to an imaginary vertical line.

Concha

The concave shell of the ear; the deepest depression of the ear.

Concurrent

Treatments of a restorative nature performed during the embalming operation.

Condyle

A rounded eminence at the end of the bone forming an articulation; e.g. on both the mandible and occipital bone.

Contour

The outline or surface form.

Contusion

A bruise often accompanied with distention.

Convex

Curved evenly; resembling a segment of the outer edge of a sphere.

Convex nasal profile

A nasal profile that exhibits a hump in its linear form (e.g. Roman, Aquiline).

Convex profile

A basic profile form in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin recedes from the plane of the upper lip; most common form.

Convex-concave profile

A profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip.

Convex-vertical profile

A profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin and upper lip project equally to an imaginary vertical line.

Cool hue

Blue, green, purple, or any intermediate pigmentary hue in which they predominate; a receding hue that creates the illusion of distance from the observer; a color of short wave lengths.

Cords of the neck

Vertical prominences of the neck; an acquired facial marking.

Coronal plane

Anatomical plane dividing the anterior of the body from the posterior; also known as Frontal Plane.

Coronoid process

The anterior, non-articulating process of the ramus of the mandible that serves as the insertion for the temporalis muscle.

Corpulence

Having an abnormal amount of fat on the body.

Corrective shaping

A cosmetic technique that consists of highlighting those parts of the face or individual features to enlarge or bring them forward or shadowing them to reduce the appearance of size or deepen a depression.

Corrugator

A pyramid-shaped muscle of facial expression that draws the eyebrows inferiorly and medially.

Cosmetic

A media for beautifying the complexion and skin, etc.

Cosmetic compound

A cosmetic medium composed of two, three, or all four basic pigments.

Cosmetizing

The process of applying cosmetics to a surface.

Cosmetology

The study of beautifying and improving the complexion, skin, hair, and nails.

Cranial sutures

Non-moveable joints that connect the bones of the cranium together.

Cranium

The part of the skull that encloses the brain.

Cream cosmetic

A semi-solid cosmetic.

Cribriform plate

The horizontal plate (thin, medial portion) of the ethmoid bone at the base of the skull separating the cranial cavity from the nasal cavity,

Crow's feet

See: Optic facial sulci.

Crown (Vertex)

The topmost part of the head.