Ankle Sprains Lecture Review

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the lecture on ankle sprains, including types of sprains, anatomical structures, mechanisms of injury, risk factors, rehabilitation, and prevention strategies.

Ankle Sprain Types

Categorized as lateral, medial, or syndesmotic based on the anatomical structures involved.

Lateral Ankle Sprain (LAS)

Injury to the lateral collateral ligaments, primarily involving the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments.

Medial Ankle Sprain (MAS)

Less common sprain involving eversion and dorsiflexion, primarily affecting the deltoid ligament.

Syndesmotic Ankle Sprain

Injury caused by excessive external rotation force on the fibula leading to disruption of syndesmotic ligaments.

Grade I Sprain

Mild stretching of the ligament with no significant instability.

Grade II Sprain

Partial tearing of the ligament, leading to some instability.

Grade III Sprain

Complete tear of the ligament, resulting in significant instability.

Anterior Talofibular Ligament (ATFL)

Most commonly injured ligament in lateral ankle sprains.

Deltoid Ligament

A strong medial structure that prevents eversion injuries of the ankle.

AITFL (Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament)

A ligament involved in syndesmotic ankle sprains.

Inversion Injury

Common mechanism of lateral ankle sprains where the ankle rolls inward.

Eversion Injury

Mechanism for medial ankle sprains where the ankle rolls outward.

Extrinsic Risk Factors

Factors such as poor footwear and inadequate warm-ups increasing the risk of ankle sprains.

Intrinsic Risk Factors

Personal factors like previous injury and poor balance increasing the risk of ankle sprains.

Rehabilitation Goals

Focus on reducing injury recurrence through strength, balance, and recovery.

FITT Principle

A guideline for exercise prescription focusing on Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type.

Neuromuscular Training

Involves exercises like balance training and proprioception drills to prevent sprains.

Ottawa Guidelines

Criteria for when radiographs are required for suspected ankle fractures.

Psychological Impact

Fear of reinjury and loss of confidence as common outcomes after ankle sprains.

Injury Prevention Programs

Strategies that can reduce ankle sprain risk by 30-50%.