Nutrition Chapter 11

Excreted

Fat soluble vitamins have a greater risk for toxicity because they are not easily ____

Retinoquinone

Which is NOT a form of vitamin A

Retinol

What is the alcohol form of vitamin A

Liver

Retinol binding protien picks up vitamin A from the ______ and carries it to the blood

Retina

Which part of the eye contains billions of molecules of vitamin A

Rhodopsin

What is a light sensitive pigment found within the retina

Retinol binding protein

What is responsible for transporting vitamin A from the liver to other tissues

90%

What percentages of the body’s vitamin A stores are found in the liver

Assists enzymes that degrade certain regions of the bone allowing remodeling to occur

How does vitamin A affect bone health

1-2 years

If a normal, healthy adult stopped eating vitamin A containing foods, deficiency symptoms would begin to appear in about ____

Skin

Retinoic acid can stimulate cell growth in ____

Vitamin A

The WHO and UNICEF recommend supplements of what for all measles inflected children

Night blindness

What is rapidly corrected when treated with vitamin A supplements

Xerophthalmia

Progressive blindness caused by severe vitamin A deficiency is called ______

Keratin

Vitamin A deficiency causes the epithelial cells of the skin to change shape and to secrete the protein ______

Effective in fighting acne and wrinkles

What is a feature of Retin-A

Retinol

What form of vitamin A supports reproduction but not growth

Liver

What food is a rich source of retinoids

Butternut squash

What food is a good course of vitamin A

Cholecalciferol

What is another name for vitamin D3

Cholesterol

With the help of sunlight, the body can synthesize vitamin D from a precursor made form ____

Kidneys

Disease affecting the liver or which other organ can interfere with the activation of vitamin D and produce symptoms of deficiency

Calcium and phosphorous absorption

Vitamin D’s specific role in bone health is to assist in _____

D

A child with beaded ribs is likely deficient in which vitamin

Osteomalacia

An adult deficient in vitamin D may experience softening of bone, which is called ____

Elderly

What US population group is at highest risk of vitamin D deficiency

Mineral deposits

Excess vitamin D may result in _____

Salmon

What is a naturally occurring food source of vitamin D

Sardines

What is the most reliable source of vitamin D in the diet

E

What vitamin may reduce the risk of heart disease by slowing the oxidation of low density lipoproteins

Antioxidant

Vitamin E functions primarily as ____

Erythrocyte hemolysis

What disorder is seen in premature infants deficiency in vitamin E

Vegetable oil

Much of the vitamin E in the diet comes from _____

Egg yolks are a good source

What accurately describes the vitamin E in food

E

What is the least toxic of the fat soluble vitamins

Inactive protein for blood clot formation

What is prothrombin

Hemorrhagic disease

What is the disease that can result from absence of clotting factors due to vitamin K deficiency

Osteocalcin

Vitamin K participates in synthesis of prothrombin and ____

Requires vitamin K to bind to bone forming materials

Osteocalcin _____

Antibiotics

What would cause a secondary vitamin K deficiency

K

At birth, a single dose of vitamin ___ is given by intramuscular injection

Newborns

Vitamin K deficiency is most likely in what group

Brussel sprouts

What is a good source of vitamin K