polymers

How to make a polyester/ condensation polymers

2 monomers - diol and dicarbxylic acid releasing water or diacylchloride and diol

what is condensation polymers?

2 products - a polymer and small molecule

Terylene

How is it made? Draw the repeating unit. Uses

pg 2

from the monomers Ethan 1-2diol and benzene 1,4 dicarboxylic acid

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forces present between polyester polymer chains

permanent dipole dipole

making polyamides

diamine and dicarboxylic acid

Nylon 6,6
how it is made, repeating unit, Uses

1,6diaminohexane and hexane1,4dioic acid

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Why does nylon have a higher melting point than terylene

Hydrogen bonds between molecules of nylon are stronger than permanent dipole dipole forces between terylene

Kevlar

how it is made, repeating unit, Uses

benzene14dicarbosylic acid and benzene14diamine

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Why are the melting points of polyamides higher than the melting point of polyesters

hydrogen bonds between polyamide polymers are stronger than permanent dipole dipole forces between polyester chains

Addition polymers

Use, 4 characteristics, forces

induced dipole dipole forces between polymer chains and strong C-C bonds within the polymer chains

makes the bonds not very susceptible to attack from nucleophiles

unreactive and biodegradable

used as insulators

high melting and boiling point

Polyester- COOH/OH

Polyamide - COOH/NH2

hydrolysis of polyesters - base and acid

Base:

NaOH reflux

diol and dicarboxylic acid with COO- and Na+ + 2 water

(botton pg14)

Acid:

HCl reflux

diol and dicarboxylic acid

hydrolysis of polyamides - base and acid

Base:

diamine and diCOO- Na+ and two waters

Acid:

dicarboxylic acid

di+NH3 Cl-

bottom pg 15

what non biodegradable is?

non polar C-C bonds

cannot be attacked by nucleophiles/acids/cannot be hydrolysed.