chapter 9 & 10

現象

phenomenon

警員

police officer

大眾

the masses, public

查

to look into or check

隔壁

next door

天真

to be naïve or innocent

白

in vain or to have no effect

酬勞

reward or payment for services

説—聲

to make an utterance or tell someone something

保證金

deposit or money given as security

答應

to promise or agree to

陷阱

trap

歹徒

criminal, crook, hoodlum, or bad guy

人性

human nature

弱點

weakness or weak point

多半

mostly

單純

to be simple, pure, plain, unpretending, or artless

違法

to be unlawful or violate the law

老實

to be honest, well-behaved, simpleminded, or easily taken in / honestly

上當

to be fooled or to fall for

酒店公關

female escorts that work out of a hotel or hotel bar (similar to prostitutes)

伴遊

travel companion (prostitute type) or escort

免

to exempt, dispense with, or relieve

吸引

to attract

其實

in fact, as a matter of fact, or actually

非法

illegal

色情

pornographic/sexual passion or lust

勾當

shady business or dirty deal

不擇手段

unscrupulous or by any means

道德

morality or ethics / moral

根本

at all or simply

制裁

a sanction or to sanction

倒是

however or but

辛苦

to be toilsome, laborious, or hard

青少年

teenager or adolescent

價值觀

value system or values

教育

education or to educate

單位

unit of an organization or measurement

統計

statistics or to calculate

輟學

to drop out of school

比率

proportion

升高

to rise or ascend

家長

parents, guardians, or the head of the family

媒體

media

不斷地

unceasingly, uninterruptedly, or continuously

討論

to discuss or a discussion

到底

in the end, at last, after all (used in an interrogative sentence to indicate an attempt to get to the bottom of the matter)

放棄

to give up, to abandon, to relinquish, or to waive

學業

one’s studies or schoolwork

追求

to pursue

認為

to be of the opinion, to think, or to consider that…

派上／ 不上用場

can / cannot be put to use

傳統

tradition or to be traditional

觀念

concept or idea

簡直

simply or completely (tone of exaggeration)

落伍

to be behind the times or outdated

青舂

one’s youth

留白

to leave something blank or let something go to waste

玩樂

to play or have fun

抓住

to catch, seize, grasp, or grab

把握

to grasp, to hold in one’s hand, assurance or confidence

豈不

isn’t it…? or wouldn’t it…?

批評

to criticize or criticism

創新

to create new idea or to innovate

總而言之

in short or in a word

不見得

not necessarily

[subject] 就是 [stative verb, verb, adverb]。

• 我就是不想告訴別人，不管你做什麼，我都不會說。

• 年輕人就是買不起房子，所以才要住房子啊

  • 反對別人的意見

[subject] 哪裡（有時間，有錢，知道）[do something]？

• 台北的房子這麼貴，我哪裡有錢買房子？

• 我今天才誰三個小時，哪裡一直在睡覺？

[reality]，[subject] 根本（不，沒）[verb phrase]。

• 小張每天都在工作，下班時間都很晚，根本沒有時間出去玩。

為非作歹

purposefully do bad things

[statement]，其實 [reality / real thought]。

• 很多人都以為她二十幾歲，其實她才十二歲。

[subject] 倒是 [statement]。

• 我倒是覺得，有健康的身體，才是最重要的事。

• 第一家餐廳買很多種餐點，可是生意不好。

• 第二家餐廳只買一種餐點，生意倒是非常好。

[somebody] 吃苦耐勞 (chī kǔ nài láo)。

• hard-working; capable of enduring hardship

• 這位工人非常吃苦耐勞，每天都。。。

[something] 先苦後甘 (xiān kǔ hòu gān)

• work hard first, feel the reward later

一分耕耘，一分收穫 (yì fēn gēng yún，yì fén shòu huò)

• You reap what you sow

• Effort equals reward

• If you put in 50% effort, you get 50% results. If you put in 100% effort, you get 100% results. Don't expect something for nothing.

[topic] 簡直（跟。。。一樣；太 [stative verb] 了；像 / 是 / 就是）。

• 小張寫的字太小了，簡直跟螞蟻一樣，大家根本看不到。

• 小林的肚子很大，簡直跟聖誕老人一樣。

[subject] 到底 [A not A question; question word question]

• 到底要不要去

• 到底要這麼做

• 到底漂不漂亮

• 到底是不是真的

[subject] 豈不 (qǐ bù) [statement]

• Similar to 難道不是

  • Isn’t it; wouldn’t it

• 歹徒為了得到金錢而不擇手段，豈不太可惡(kě wù)了！

  • For the criminals to use any underhanded means necessary just to get money—isn't that completely detestable?!

• 我們今天把工作做完，明天豈不就能好好放鬆了嗎？

  • If we finish the work today, won't we be able to totally relax tomorrow? (Implying: Obviously, yes! Let's do it.)

[somebody] 好逸惡勞 (hào yì wù láo)

• Only likes easy stuff

• loving ease and hating labor

• 有的家長不讓孩子做家事，只要孩子躺在沙發上看電視就好，這種做法，容易讓孩子產生好逸惡勞，什麼事都不想做的壞習慣。

[somebody] 埋頭苦幹 (mái tóu kǔ gàn)

• Always buried in work / To immerse oneself in hard work

• [somebody] 為了 [something] 而埋頭苦幹

• [somebody] 在 [place] 埋頭苦幹

• [somebody] 埋頭苦幹 [time duration]

• 為了得到好成績，小張總是在圖書館埋頭苦幹。今天，他已經埋頭苦幹十幾個小時，還不願意放下書本。

[something] 事半功倍 (shì bàn gōng bèi)

• getting twice the result with half the effort

• [something] 事倍功半

  • Twice the effort, half the result

• [method] 讓 [somebody / something] 事半功倍

[subject] 正（正式，正因為）[situation]，（所以）[do something]。

• 正 = precisely; exactly

• 沒有別的原因； only this one reason

• Often used with 才

• 正因為天氣變冷，他才穿這麼多衣服。

• 對，那個人正是李奧納多 (lǐ aò nà duō)。

[subject] 只有 [achieve the condition]，才 [achieve the goal]。

• only if we accomplish this can we achieve this goal

• 只有把功課寫完，才可以出去玩。

• 只有。。。才。。。 – hard condition

• 只要。。。就。。。 – easy condition

[statement]，總而言之，[conclusion]

• in summary

• in short