custodial sentencing

what is custodial sentencing

when a convicted offender spends time in a prison, hospital or young offenders institution

what are the 2 types of deterrence

individual deterrence: the unpleasant experience of prison is made to put an individual off repeat offending

general deterrence: sends a message to society that crime will not be tolerated

what is incapacitation

the offender is taken out of society which protects the public from further offending

what is retribution and how is the severity decided

society enacting revenge by making the offender suffer

the level of suffering is determined by the severity of the crime

what is rehabilitation

reform of the offender

what should prisons do to aid rehabilitation

prisons should provide an opportunity to develop skills, access treatments and reflect on crime

what are the 3 psychological effect of custodial sentencing and explain that

stress and depression - suicides and self harm rates are higher in prison that in the general population

institutionalisation - inability to function outside of prison

prisonisation - behaviours unacceptable outside of prison are encouraged

define recidivism and what % of offenders reoffend

reoffending

45% of offenders reoffend in the UK within a year