7 sage

What is a premise?

A statement that supports another statement (aka the conclusion)

What is a conclusion?

A statement which is supported by another statement.

What does support do for an argument?

It increases the likelihood of truth.

What are other words for support?

Evidence, reasons to believe

The stronger the argument is, the ______ and _____ reasonable it’s assumptions are.

fewer, more

What is an assumption?

The missing link between the premise and the conclusion.

Less reasonable assumptions render an argument most vularnable to criticism.

True

What is context?

Extra information related and important to the argument, but not part of the argument.

True or False: Context is crucial to an argument

True

What do words like (But, However, and yet) indicate?

They indicate a transition or turn away from the contextual information and to the argument.

What does “Some people say…” indicate?

Indicated others peoples position on an argument

What is the function of a concession in an argument?

Stating the point that might hurt my argument first “Stealing the oppositions thunder”

What do modifiers do?

Provide more information

What do noun modifiers do?

Create a sub set

What are some examples of noun modifiers?

that and who

What is the function of a referential?

They stand in place for something referenced in the text (referent)

Negative referential can be subbed with what?

Not

True or False: In complex comparisons, component A is often the winner?

True

What are the two interpretations of negative comparatives?

“Either” OR “or”

Sufficient is…

enough

Necessary is…

required

What is the formula for triggering the sufficient condition?

A —> B

A

________

B (valid)

What is the formula for triggering the contrapositive?

A —→ B

NOT B

NOT A (valid)

What is the formula for reversing/ confusion the conditional?

A —→ B

B

A (NOT VALID)

What is the formula for Inverting the conditional?

A —→ B

NOT A

NOT B (NOT VALID)

These words are common indicators of what? (If, all, every, when, any, each, the only)

Sufficient condition (A)

These words are common indicators of what? (only, only if, must)

Necessary condition (B)

These indicators can be subbed with what? (Unless, without)

“if not”

These indicators can be subbed with what? (no, none)

‘then not”