Tudors Miscellaneous

Which teacher did the Lollards follow?

The Lollards followed the teaching of John Wycliffe

Who is the guy that I always get mixed up with John Wycliff and why are they different?

• William Tyndale = 1500s

• John Wycliffe = 1300s

When was the Battle of Stoke Field and what rebellion did it follow?

The Battle of Stoke Field followed the Lambert Simnel rebellion on June 16, 1487

Who many were on both sides of the battle of Stoke field and what was Simnels army predominantly made up of?

• Henry VII = 12,000

• Simnel = 8,000 (made up of undisciplined Irish soldiers, mercenaries from Burgundy, and some Yorkist forces from England)

How many religious houses were there at the start of the 1500s and how many of these were monasteries?

500 out of 825 were monasteries

When and why did Wolsey call Parliament?

• 1515 - grant taxation, Hunne Case

• 1523 - secure heavy subsidies for Henry’s expensive foreign policy

What is an example of money gained from Crown Lands under Wolsey?

1515 - £15,000 gained from recovery of crown lands

What is an example of money gained from government subsidies under Wolsey?

1513-1516 - £170,000 gained from government subsidies

What was Luther’s most famous statement and when was it published?

• His “95 Theses”

• 1517

When did Wolsey begin to enquire into enclosure and what did this result in?

In 1517, Wolsey began a national enquiry into enclosure. This resulted in 260 court cases, but was abandoned after landowners protested in 1523

What was Henry’s annual income under Wolsey as compared to Cromwell (between 1536-47)?

• Wolsey = £110,000

• Cromwell (1536-47) = £240,000

How many countries signed the Treaty of London?

At least 20 European countries and the Pope signed the Treaty of London in 1518

Which 2 major European monarchs did Henry VIII meet with in 1520?

1520 - Henry met with both Francis I of France (Field of Cloth of Gold) and Charles V of Spain

Who did Henry declare war on in 1522?

France

When did Henry declare war on France in the early 1520s?

1522

Who was captured at the Battle of Pavia and what did this cause Henry to pursue?

• Charles captured Francis I

• Henry desired to collaborate with Spain to conquer France and divide it between them, but Charles was unwilling to support English interests

What did Henry do in response to Charles’ refusal to collaborate after the 1525 Battle of Pavia and what did this result in?

• He entered negotiations for an anti-Hapsburg alliance with the France, the Pope, Venice, and the Netherlands

• The 1526 League of Cognac

What did Henry hope to achieve through the 1526 League of Cognac?

He hoped to play the peacemaker by using the talks to pressurise Charles into being more reasonable

What 2 things made neutrality impossible between England and Spain/Charles?

• Henry’s wish for a divorce from Catherine of Aragon (Charles’ aunt)

• The fact that Charles’ capture of most of the Italian peninsula had left the Pope a prisoner

When did England and France conclude an alliance after it became apparent that good relations between Spain and England could not be continued?

1527

By what year were both England and France at war with the Hapsburgs?

1528

When and where did Charles defeat the French?

June 1529 at the Battle of Landriano

What peace treaty followed the Battle of Landriano and when was it signed?

• The Treaty of Cambrai

• August 1529

When did Wolsey conduct a national survey in taxes and what did he gain from this?

In 1522, Wolsey conducted a national survey in taxes and gained £200,000 in forced loans

When were the Eltham Ordinances?

1526

When did Wolsey undertake a recoinage?

1526

How many cases did Wolsey hear each year and what did he use to hear the complaints of the poor?

• 120

• The Court of Requests

When did the clergy surrender legislative rights and give authority over ecclesiastical laws to the monarch?

The Submission of the Clergy in 1532

What is an example of punishments following the 1534 Treasons Act?

Following the 1534 Treasons act, 18 Carthusian monks were executed and more were imprisoned for resisting Henry’s religious policies

What enshrined England’s new, more Protestant doctrines, when was it passed, and who most probably wrote it?

• The Act of Ten Articles

• 1536

• Cranmer

What shows Cromwell’s commitment to justice?

Out of 883 people tried for treason in the 1530s, only 329 were executed

When was the English Bible first published?

1537

When did England ally with the Hapsburgs in the 1540s?

1542

When was the Treaty of Greenwich?

1543

What were Henry VIII’s 2 Catholic advisers at the end of his reign and when did they fall from favour?

• Duke of Norfolk and Earl of Surrey

• 1546-7

When did Elizabeth I fall very ill?

1562