BIOCHEM PT. 8 (Lipogenesis)

Cytosol

LIPOGENESIS occurs in the ___________ (liv

LIPOGENESIS

Formation of fats and TGS

Acetyl coA

Lipogenesis is stimulated when there is an increase in _____________

Oxaloacetate

Acetyl coA + ______________= Citrate coA

• INSULIN

• CITRATE

• Ch REBP

Hormones that can STIMULATE acetyl coA

• GLUCAGON

• EPINEPHRINE

• PALMITOYL COA

• AMP KINASE

Hormones that can INHIBIT acetyl coA

Fatty Acid Synthesis

an enzyme complex which is present in cytosol

dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase

the enzyme that helps to convert

uracil —> dihydrouracil

Beta Ureidopropionase

the enzyme that helps to convert

N-carbamoyl- beta-alanine —> beta-alanine

dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase

the enzyme that helps to convert

Thymine —> Dihydrothymine

Beta Ureidopropionase

the enzyme that helps to convert

N-carbamoyl- beta-aminoisobutyrate —>beta-aminoisobutyrate

Ammonia and CO2

During the breakdown of pyrimidine bases, a toxic byproducts are produced called

Pyrimidine Salvage Pathway

This pathway saves the pyrmidine bases to not produce byproducts

Urate

Final product of the breakdown of Purine

Purine Nucleotidase

the enzyme that helps to convert

AMP —> Adenosine

AMP deaminase

the enzyme that helps to convert

AMP —> IMP

Adenosine deaminase

the enzyme that helps to convert

Adenosine —> Inosine

Purine Nucleotidase

the enzyme that helps to convert

IMP —> Inosine

Purine Nucleotide Phosphorylases

the enzyme that helps to convert

Inosine —> Hypoxanthine

Xanthine Oxidase

the enzyme that helps to convert

Hypoxanthine —> Xanthine

Xanthine Oxidase

the enzyme that helps to convert

Xanthine —> Urate

Purine Nucleotidase

the enzyme that helps to convert

GMP —> Guanosine

Purine Nucleotide Phosphorylases

the enzyme that helps to convert

Guanosine —> Guanine

Guanase

the enzyme that helps to convert

Guanine —> Xanthine

HYPOXANTHINE GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYL TRANSFERASE

Adenosine, Guanosine, and Hypoxanthine are converted back using a salvage pathway so they can’t make byproducts. Which enzyme facilitates the pathway?

Lesch Nyhan Syndrome

• HGRPT Deficiency

• Accumulation of URATE in body fluids (Gout is associated with this syndrome)

Compulsive self-destructive (self-mutilating) behavior, mental deficiency and spasticity

symptoms of Lesch Nyhan Syndrome

SCID (severe combined immuno deficiency)

• White blood cells grow and develop abnormally

• Patients prone to infections (bacterial, viral, and fungal)

Gout

Type of arthritis caused by a buildup of uric acid/urate

SCID (severe combined immuno deficiency)

ADA (Adenosine Deaminase) Deficiency leads to