Chapter 3: Health Education and Health Promotion med surg

A nurse has been working with a client whose poorly controlled type 1 diabetes has led to numerous health problems. Over the past several years the client has had several admissions to the hospital medical unit, and the nurse has often carried out health promotion interventions. Who is ultimately responsible for maintaining and promoting this client's health?

The client

An 82-year-old client has come to the clinic for a scheduled follow-up appointment. The nurse learns from the client's child that the client is not following the instructions the client received upon discharge from the hospital last month. What is the most likely factor causing the client not to adhere to the therapeutic regimen?

Costs of the prescribed regimen

A gerontologic nurse has observed that clients often fail to adhere to their therapeutic regimen. What strategy should the nurse adopt to best assist an older adult in adhering to a therapeutic regimen involving wound care?

Demonstrate a dressing change and allow the client to practice.

A 20-year-old client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes needs to learn how to self-administer insulin. When planning the appropriate educational interventions and considering variables that will affect the client's learning, the nurse should prioritize what factor?

Client's culture

The nurse is planning to teach a 75-year-old client with coronary artery disease about administering the prescribed antiplatelet medication. How can the nurse best enhance the client's ability to learn?

Make the information directly relevant to the client's condition.

A nurse is planning care for an older adult who lives with a number of chronic health problems. Which nursing diagnosis would educate the client and be the priority intervention?

Ineffective health maintenance related to nonadherence to therapeutic regimen

A class of nursing students has been asked to break into groups of four and complete a health-promotion teaching project and present a report to their fellow students. What project most clearly demonstrates the principles of health promotion teaching?

Discussing prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STI) to high school students

Based on current knowledge of health promotion, what factor should the nurse prioritize in an effort to promote health, longevity, and weight control in clients?

Good nutrition

The nursing profession and nurses as individuals have a responsibility to promote activities that foster well-being. What factor has most influenced nurses' abilities to play this vital role?

Nurses have long-established credibility with the public.

The nurse is teaching a local community group about the importance of disease prevention. Why is the nurse justified in emphasizing disease prevention as a component of health promotion?

Prevention is emphasized as the link between personal behavior and health.

The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for an adult client diagnosed with urinary retention secondary to multiple sclerosis. The nurse will teach the client to self-catheterize at home upon discharge. What teaching method is most likely to be effective for this client?

A discussion and demonstration between the nurse and the client

The nurse is planning to teach tracheostomy care to a client who will be discharged home following a spinal cord injury. When preparing to teach, which component of the teaching plan should the nurse prioritize?

Determining the client's readiness to learn new information

The occupational health nurse is preparing health promotion programs for the workplace. Which program is the occupational health nurse most likely to develop to promote wellness?

Cholesterol screening

A nurse is teaching a community program about the association between stress levels and negative health outcomes. The nurse should include the cause-and-effect relationship that stress has with which type of condition?

B. Infectious diseases

C. Traumatic injuries

D. Chronic illnesses

A public health nurse understands that health promotion should continue across the lifespan. When planning health promotion initiatives, when in the lifespan should health promotion begin?

Before birth

A nurse is working with a client who was recently diagnosed with asthma. During the current session, the nurse taught the client how to administer the bronchodilator by metered-dose inhaler. How should the nurse best evaluate the teaching–learning process?

Directly observe the client using the inhaler to self-administer a dose.

A team of public health nurses is doing a strategic plan and discussing health promotion activities for the next year. What initiative best demonstrates the principles of health promotion?

A family planning clinic at a community center

The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who has just received a new diagnosis of diabetes. Which client behavior demonstrates to the nurse the client's emotional readiness to learn?

The client is asking questions about diabetes management.

A nurse is planning an educational event for a local group of citizens who live with a variety of physical and cognitive disabilities. What variable should the nurse prioritize when planning this event?

Health-promotion needs of the group

A public health nurse is planning educational interventions that are based on Becker's Health Belief Model. When identifying the variables that affect local residents' health promotion behaviors, what question should the nurse seek to answer?

"Do residents believe that they have ready access to health promotion resources?"

How should the nurse best define health?

Health is a condition that enables people to function at their optimal potential.

A parish nurse is describing the relationship between health and physical fitness to a group of older adults who all attend the same church. What potential benefits of a regular exercise program should the nurse describe? Select all that apply.

A. Decreased cholesterol levels

B. Delayed degenerative changes

D. Improved overall muscle strength

A nurse is discussing health promotion strategies with a client with elevated lipid levels. Which client response best indicates to the nurse that the client is exhibiting self-responsibility?

"I will need to learn to read food labels when food shopping."

The nurse is assessing the nutritional awareness of a client who is overweight. What outcome most clearly demonstrates that the client possesses nutritional awareness?

The client avoids processed foods.

A nurse has planned a teaching-learning interaction that is aimed at middle-school-aged students. To foster successful health education, the nurse's planning should prioritize what component?

Social and cultural patterns

Positive client outcomes are the ultimate goal of nurse–client interactions, regardless of the particular setting. Which of the following factors has the most direct influence on positive health outcomes?

Health education

A school nurse is facilitating a health screening program among middle school students. What purpose of health screening should the nurse prioritize when planning this program?

To promote positive health practices

A nurse recognizes that individuals of different ages have specific health promotion needs. When planning to promote health among young adults, what subject is most likely to meet the learning needs of the demographic group?

Family planning

Middle-aged adults are part of an age group that is known to be interested in health and health promotion, and the nurse is planning health promotion activities accordingly. To what suggestions do members of this age group usually respond with enthusiasm? Select all that apply.

A. Lifestyle practices that can improve health

B. Healthier eating practices

C. Life benefits of exercise

A community health nurse has been asked to participate in a health fair that is being sponsored by the local senior center. Which principle of health promotion for older adults should the nurse use when developing educational activities?

Older adults benefit from practices that help them maintain independence.

Which concept should the nurse use when performing health teaching?

Health teaching is an independent nursing function.

A nurse who provides care at the campus medical clinic of a large university puts much effort into health promotion. What purpose of health promotion should guide the nurse's efforts?

To influence people's behaviors in ways that reduce risks

Which of the following factors has most influenced the growing emphasis on health promotion in nursing?

A changing definition of health

A nurse is working with a client who has recently received a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). When performing client education during discharge planning, what goal should the nurse prioritize?

Encourage the client to adhere to the client's therapeutic regimen.

A client with a recent diagnosis of which condition would most likely benefit from health education that emphasizes adherence?

Multiple sclerosis

The nurse is providing client education to a client who was diagnosed 6 months ago with type 1 diabetes. The client's hemoglobin A1c results suggest the client has not been adhering to the prescribed treatment regimen. To help this client better

adhere to the treatment regimen, the nurse should assess variables that affect the client's ability to perform which tasks? Select all that apply.

A. Obtain resources

D. Maintain a healthy social environment.

E. Adopt specific behaviors.

The nurse is working with a 15-year-old client who has diabetes and who is struggling with the necessary behavioral changes. Which of the following motivators is most likely to be effective?

A learning contract

A nurse working in a gerontology clinic as a member of a health care team recognizes that some older adults do not adhere to therapeutic regimens because of chronic illnesses that require long-term treatment by several health care providers. Which responsibility of the nurse is most important in this situation?

Working collaboratively with other team members to provide coordinated care

A client will be receiving outpatient intravenous antibiotic therapy for the treatment of endocarditis. The nurse is preparing health education to promote the client's adherence to the course of treatment. What cultural consideration should the nurse use when developing a teaching plan for the client?

Perform an individual cultural assessment with the client.

The nurse is working with a client who has diagnoses of coronary artery disease and angina pectoris. During a clinic visit, the nurse learns that the client has only been taking the prescribed antiplatelet medication when the client experiences chest pain and fatigue. What nursing diagnosis is most relevant to this assessment finding?

Ineffective health maintenance related to inappropriate medication use