TEAS

absolute difference

The absolute value of the difference of two numbers.

acid

A substance with a pH less than 7.

activation energy

The minimum energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction.

active immunity

Protection against a specific pathogen resulting from the production of antibodies in response to the presence of specific antigens.

active transport

Movement across a cell membrane that travels against the concentration gradient and thus requires energy.

adaptive immune system

A kind of passive or active immunity in which antibodies to a particular antigen are present in the body.

addition

Calculation of a total of two or more numbers.

adhesiveness

A measure of how well dissimilar particles or surfaces cling to one another.

adjective

Word or phrase that describes or modifies a noun.

adrenal

A gland above the kidney that produces hormones to regulate heart rate, blood pressure, and other functions.

adverb

Word or phrase that describes or modifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb.

affix

Letters placed at the beginning or end of a word or word part to modify its meaning.

algebraic equation

A mathematical sentence that includes one or more variables.

allele

A specific copy of a gene.

allergies

An immune response to a foreign agent that is not a pathogen.

alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

amino acids

The monomers that make up proteins.

anaphase

The stage in mitosis in which the chromosomes are pulled apart to the poles and cell division begins.

anaphase I

The stage in meiosis I in which homologous chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell.

anaphase II

The stage in meiosis II in which sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.

anatomical position

Standard positioning of the body as standing; feet together; arms to the side; with head, eyes, and palms of hands forward.

anecdote

A short story that illustrates a concept or point and creates a connection between the author and reader.

anion

A negatively charged ion.

antagonist

The relaxed muscle in the pair of muscles that is involved in a given movement.

antibody

A blood protein that counteracts a specific antigen.

antidiuretic hormone

A secretion from the pituitary gland that increases the amount of water able to be reabsorbed from a collecting duct.

antigen-presenting cell

A cell that displays foreign antigens with major histocompatibility complexes on their surfaces.

antigens

Substances on the surfaces of agents that act to identify them, to the body, as being native or foreign.

antimicrobial

A substance that kills or inhibits growth of microorganisms with minimal damage to the host.

anus

The opening of the rectum from which solid waste is expelled.

apocrine sweat gland

Accessory structures of the dermis that are in physical association with hair follicles, producing a secretion with an odor.

apostrophe

Punctuation mark that denotes possessive case or omission of letters.

area

The amount of space inside a two-dimensional boundary.

argument

A type of text consisting of a claim on a debatable issue, background information, reasoning and evidence, rhetorical appeals, counterclaims, and responses to counterclaims.

arteries

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart toward other body parts.

assumption

Supposition of an unstated idea.

asthma

A lung disease characterized by inflamed, narrowed airways and difficulty breathing.

atom

The fundamental constituent of matter that retains the properties of an element. It is the smallest unit that has a unique identity.

atomic mass

The sum of the masses of protons and neutrons in one atom of an element.

atomic number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

audience

The intended consumers of information.

authorial intent

The reason an author creates a text; also called the author’s purpose.

autoimmune disease

A pathology that results from the immune system mistaking part of the body as a pathogen.

autonomic nervous system

The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates unconscious body functions such as breathing and heart rate.

axis

A reference line for measurement of coordinates.

axon

A nerve fiber that carries a nerve impulse away from the neuron cell body.

B cells

Lymphocytes that mature in bone marrow and make antibodies in response to antigens.

bacteria

Unicellular organisms that are capable of causing disease.

ball-and-socket joints

Point of articulation that allows for abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation.

bar graph

A graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to represent quantities.

base

A substance with a pH greater than 7.

bias

Tendency toward or against a preconceived idea.

bimodal

Describes a distribution of data with two clear peaks.

bivariate

Containing two variables.

blog

A website that is usually informal and independently run.

bolus

A mass of food that has been chewed and swallowed.

bone

Hard, calcified material that makes up the skeleton.

bone marrow

A soft material within spongy bone and medullary cavity of long bones.

brainstorming

Discussing as a group to create an idea or solve a problem.

brittle bone disease (osteogenesis imperfecta)

A group of diseases that affect collagen and result in fragile bones.

bronchioles

Small passages in the lungs that connect bronchi to alveoli.

buffer

A solution of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.