IMPERIALISM TO 1920s

American Imperialism

Expansion of U.S. power through economic, political, and military influence over other countries

Causes of Imperialism

Need for markets/resources, military strength, political competition, and cultural beliefs

Social Darwinism

Idea that stronger nations should dominate weaker ones

Spanish-American War

1898 war between U.S. and Spain that made the U.S. a global power

Yellow Journalism

Sensationalized news that exaggerated events to influence public opinion

USS Maine

U.S. battleship whose explosion helped trigger the Spanish-American War

Jingoism

Extreme nationalism supporting aggressive foreign policy

Treaty of Paris (1898)

Agreement that ended Spanish-American War and gave U.S. new territories

Imperialists

People who supported U.S. expansion for economic and military reasons

Anti-Imperialists

People who opposed expansion because it violated American ideals

Philippine-American War

Conflict between U.S. and Filipinos who wanted independence

Emilio Aguinaldo

Leader of Filipino resistance against U.S. rule

Progressivism

Reform movement to fix problems caused by industrialization

Muckrakers

Journalists who exposed corruption and social problems

The Jungle

Book exposing meatpacking industry conditions that led to reforms

Meat Inspection Act

Law ensuring sanitary conditions in meatpacking

Pure Food and Drug Act

Law preventing sale of unsafe food and medicine

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

German policy of sinking ships without warning

Lusitania

British ship sunk by Germany, killing Americans and increasing support for war

Zimmermann Telegram

Message from Germany to Mexico proposing an alliance against the U.S.

WWI Neutrality

U.S. policy of staying out of European conflict at start of war

WWI Mobilization

Process of preparing economy and military for war

War Industries Board

Government agency controlling production during WWI

Great Migration

Movement of African Americans from South to North for jobs

Espionage Act (1917)

Law punishing interference with the war effort

Sedition Act (1918)

Law punishing criticism of the government during WWI

Schenck v. United States

Supreme Court case establishing “clear and present danger”

Clear and Present Danger

Limit on free speech if it threatens public safety

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty that ended WWI and punished Germany

League of Nations

International organization proposed to maintain peace

Red Scare

Fear of communism in the U.S. after WWI

Palmer Raids

Government arrests of suspected radicals during Red Scare

Roaring Twenties

Period of economic growth and cultural change in the 1920s

Mass Production

Manufacturing large quantities of goods efficiently

Consumer Culture

Society focused on buying goods and services

19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote

Flappers

Young women who challenged traditional roles in the 1920s

Harlem Renaissance

Cultural movement celebrating African American art and music

Scopes Trial

Trial about teaching evolution in schools

Prohibition

Ban on alcohol in the 1920s

Ku Klux Klan (1920s)

White supremacist group that gained power during the 1920s

Immigration Quotas

Laws limiting number of immigrants allowed into U.S.